Effects of Replacing Canola Meal with Soybean Meal in Broiler Chicken Diet on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, and Liver Enzymes during Different Rearing Periods
محورهای موضوعی : Camel
M. Mohammadian Amiri
1
,
B. Dastar
2
,
R. Mirshekar
3
,
O. Ashayerizadeh
4
1 - Department of Animal and Poultry Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Shahid Beheshti Ave, Gorgan, Iran
2 - Department of Animal and Poultry Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Shahid Beheshti Ave, Gorgan, Iran
3 - Department of Animal and Poultry Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Shahid Beheshti Ave, Gorgan, Iran
4 - Department of Animal and Poultry Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Shahid Beheshti Ave, Gorgan, Iran
کلید واژه: alternative protein source, feed ingredient, growth, nutrition, production phase,
چکیده مقاله :
Soybean meal is more beneficial than canola meal (CM) due to the better balance of amino acids in the nutrition of broilers. Three experiments were conducted to assess the impact of replacing soybean meal with CM at different levels during the rearing stages of Ross 308 male broilers on performance, carcass traits, and liver enzyme concentrations. In the first experiment, 420 one-day-old chicks received starter diets with six graded levels of CM from 0 to 15% for 10 days. In the second experiment, 360 eleven-day-old chicks were fed six experimental grower diets varying in CM from 0 to 25% over 14 days. In the third experiment, three hundred 25-day-old chicks were subjected to six finisher diets ranging in CM from 0 to 40% over 18 days. The findings revealed that the inclusion of the CM at the examined levels had no adverse effects on broilers' performance, carcass traits, and liver enzymes in the first and second experiments (P>0.05). Die-tary CM inclusion of more than 32% in the third experiment had significant adverse effects on the perform-ance, European broiler index, and liver enzymes of broilers (P<0.05). In conclusion, the CM can be in-cluded in broiler diets at levels up to 15% during the starter and 20% during the grower periods without adversely affecting growth performance and carcass traits. Nonetheless, an inclusion level of CM exceeding 32% of the diet during the finisher period resulted in decreased weight gain and harmful effects on liver function.
Soybean meal is more beneficial than canola meal (CM) due to the better balance of amino acids in the nutrition of broilers. Three experiments were conducted to assess the impact of replacing soybean meal with CM at different levels during the rearing stages of Ross 308 male broilers on performance, carcass traits, and liver enzyme concentrations. In the first experiment, 420 one-day-old chicks received starter diets with six graded levels of CM from 0 to 15% for 10 days. In the second experiment, 360 eleven-day-old chicks were fed six experimental grower diets varying in CM from 0 to 25% over 14 days. In the third experiment, three hundred 25-day-old chicks were subjected to six finisher diets ranging in CM from 0 to 40% over 18 days. The findings revealed that the inclusion of the CM at the examined levels had no adverse effects on broilers' performance, carcass traits, and liver enzymes in the first and second experiments (P>0.05). Die-tary CM inclusion of more than 32% in the third experiment had significant adverse effects on the perform-ance, European broiler index, and liver enzymes of broilers (P<0.05). In conclusion, the CM can be in-cluded in broiler diets at levels up to 15% during the starter and 20% during the grower periods without adversely affecting growth performance and carcass traits. Nonetheless, an inclusion level of CM exceeding 32% of the diet during the finisher period resulted in decreased weight gain and harmful effects on liver function.
Ahmed H.A., Abou-Elkhair R., Ketkat S.A. and Selim S. (2015). Growth and economic performance of broiler chickens fed on graded levels of canola meal with or without multi-enzyme supplementation. J. Agric. Sci. 7, 137-149.
Ajao A.M., White D., Kim W.K. and Olukosi O.A. (2022). Partial replacement of soybean meal with canola meal or corn ddgs in low-protein diets supplemented with crystalline amino acids-effect on growth performance, whole-body composition, and litter characteristics.
Animals. 12, 2662-2671.
Amos A.T., Kareem D.U., Amos A.O. and Idowu O.M.O. (2021). Nutritional evaluation of differently processed cassava-soya blends in the diets of broiler chickens. Nigerian J. Anim. Prod. 48, 111-127.
An B., Jung J., Oh S., Kang C., Lee K. and Lee S. (2016). Effects of diets with graded levels of canola meal on the growth per-formance, meat qualities, relative organ weights, and blood characteristics of broiler chickens. Rev. Bras. Cienc. Avic. 18, 351-356.
Aviagen. (2017). Ross 308: Broiler Performance Objectives and Nutrition Specifications. Aviagen Ltd., Newbridge, UK.
Biesek J., Kuźniacka J., Banaszak M., Kaczmarek S., Adamski M., Rutkowski A., Zmudzińska A., Perz K. and Hejdysz M. (2020). Growth performance and carcass quality in broiler chickens fed on legume seeds and rapeseed meal. Animals. 10, 846-855.
Dozier W.A., Kidd M.T. and Corzo A. (2008). Dietary amino acid responses of broiler chickens. J. Appl. Poult. Res. 17, 157-167.
Gopinger E., Xavier E.G., Elias M.C., Catalan A.A.S., Castro M.L.S., Nunes A.P. and Roll V.F.B. (2014a). The effect of dif-ferent dietary levels of canola meal on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and gut morphology of broiler chickens. Poult. Sci. 93, 1130-1136.
Gopinger E., Xavier E.G., Lemes J.S., Moraes P.O., Elias M.C. and Roll V.F.B. (2014b). Carcass yield and meat quality in broilers fed with canola meal. Br. Poult. Sci. 55, 817-823.
Gorski M., Foran C., Utterback P. and Parsons C.M. (2017). Nu-tritional evaluation of conventional and increased-protein, re-duced-fiber canola meal fed to broiler chickens. Poult. Sci. 96, 2159-2167.
Khajali F. and Slominski B.A. (2012). Factors that affect the nutri-tive value of canola meal for poultry. Poult. Sci. 91, 2564-2575.
Khajali F., Tahmasebi M., Hassanpour H., Akbari M.R., Qujeq D. and Wideman R.F. (2011). Effects of supplementation of ca-nola meal-based diets with arginine on performance, plasma nitric oxide, and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens grown at high altitude. Poult. Sci. 90, 2287-2294.
Leeson S., Atteh J.O. and Summers J.D. (1987). The replacement value of canola meal for soybean meal in poultry diets. Cana-dian J. Anim. Sci. 67, 151-158.
Liebl M., Gierus M., Rocchi E., Potthast C. and Schedle K. (2022). Effects of energy reduced diets including alternative protein sources and a phytogenic supplement on performance, carcass traits and digestibility in broiler chickens. J. Appl. Poult. Res. 31, 100265-100273.
Manyeula F., Mlambo V., Marume U. and Sebola N.A. (2020). Partial replacement of soybean products with canola meal in indigenous chicken diets: size of internal organs, carcass char-acteristics and breast meat quality. Poult. Sci. 99, 256-262.
McNeill L., Bernard K. and MacLeod M.G. (2004). Food intake, growth rate, food conversion and food choice in broilers fed on diets high in rapeseed meal and pea meal, with observa-tions on sensory evaluation of the resulting poultry meat. Br. Poult. Sci. 45, 519-523.
Michalik-Rutkowska O., Brzóska F., Śliwiński B. and Pietras M. (2017). Effect of substituting soybean meal with rapeseed meal on body weight of broiler chickens, carcass quality and apparent ileal amino acid digestibility. Rocz. Nauk. Zoot. 44, 69-93.
Min Y.N., Wang Z., Coto C., Yan F., Cerrate S., Liu F.Z. and Waldroup P.W. (2011). Evaluation of canola meal from bio-diesel production as a feed ingredient for broilers. Int. J. Poult. Sci. 10, 782-785.
Mushtaq T., Sarwar M., Ahmad G., Mirza M.A., Nawaz H., Mushtaq M.M.H. and Noreen U. (2007). Influence of canola meal-based diets supplemented with exogenous enzyme and digestible lysine on performance, digestibility, carcass, and immunity responses of broiler chickens. Poult. Sci. 86, 2144-2151.
Newkirk R. and Classen H. (2002). The effects of toasting canola meal on body weight, feed conversion efficiency, and mortal-ity in broiler chickens. Poult. Sci. 81, 815-825.
Olukosi O.A., Kasprzak M.M., Kightley S., Carre P., Wiseman J. and Houdijk J.G.M. (2017). Investigations of the nutritive value of meals of double-low rapeseed and its influence on growth performance of broiler chickens. Poult. Sci. 96, 3338-3350.
Payvastegan S., Farhoomand P. and Delfani N. (2013). Growth performance, organ weights and, blood parameters of broilers fed diets containing graded levels of dietary canola meal and supplemental copper. J. Poult. Sci. 50, 354-363.
Payvastegan S., Farhoomand P., Daneshyar M. and Ghaffari M. (2017). Evaluation of different levels of canola meal on per-formance, organ weights, hepatic deiodinase gene expression and thyroid morphology in broiler chickens. J. Poult. Sci. 54, 282-291.
Ramesh K.R., Devegowda G. and Khosravinia H. (2006). Effects of enzyme addition to broiler diets containing varying levels of double zero rapeseed meal. Asian-Australasian J. Anim. Sci. 19, 1354-1360.
SAS Institute. (2013). SAS®/STAT Software, Release 9.4. SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, NC. USA.
Teodorowicz M., Hendriks W.H., Wichers H.J. and Savelkoul H.F.J. (2018). Immunomodulation by processed animal feed: the role of maillard reaction products and advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). Front. Immunol. 9, 2088-2095.
Toghyani M., Girish C.K., Wu S.B., Iji P.A. and Swick R.A. (2017). Effect of elevated dietary amino acid levels in high canola meal diets on productive traits and cecal microbiota population of broiler chickens in a pair-feeding study. Poult. Sci. 96, 1268-1279.
Watts E.S., Rose S.P., Mackenzie A.M. and Pirgozliev V.R. (2020). The effects of supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and cold-pressed hexane extraction on the chemical composi-tion and feeding value of rapeseed meal for broiler chickens. Arch. Anim. Nutr. 74, 57-71.
Watts E.S., Rose S.P., Mackenzie A.M. and Pirgozliev V.R. (2021). Investigations into the chemical composition and nu-tritional value of single-cultivar rapeseed meals for broiler chickens. Arch. Anim. Nutr. 75, 209-221.
Woyengo T.A., Kiarie E. and Nyachoti C.M. (2011). Growth per-formance, organ weights, and blood parameters of broilers fed diets containing expeller-extracted canola meal. Poult. Sci. 90, 2520-2527.
