تشخیص خطای اتصال کوتاه امپدانس بالا در سیستم‌های توزیع با استفاده از یک روش مبتنی بر اندازه گیری مشابهت
محورهای موضوعی : مهندسی برق قدرت
عمار عبدالعظیم احمد دیبس
1
,
محمد مهدی رضایی
2
1 - دانشکده مهندسي برق، واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، خوراسگان، اصفهان، ايران
2 - دانشکده مهندسي برق، واحد خمینی شهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، خمینی شهر، اصفهان، ايران
کلید واژه: خطای امپدانس بالا, شبکه‌های توزیع, اندازه گیری مشابهت, کلید زنی بار, کلید زنی خازن,
چکیده مقاله :
قوس الکتریکی یکی از شدیدترین رخدادهای الکتریکی است. این پدیده به دلیل تخلیه بارهای الکتریکی بین هادی¬ها یا بین هادی و زمین، از طریق هوا رخ می¬دهد. هنگامی که شدت جریان اتصال کوتاه زیاد باشد، می‌توان آن را به راحتی با تجهیزات حفاظتی سنتی تشخیص داد. با این حال، روش‌های حفاظت سنتی نمی¬توانند این خطاها را زمانی که جریان اتصال کوتاه کم است، تشخیص دهند. خطاهایی که جریان خطای کافی برای شناسایی توسط تجهیزات حفاظتی معمولی تولید نمی¬کنند، خطاهای امپدانس بالا نامیده می‌شوند. خطاهای امپدانس بالا در سیستم‌های توزیع برق می‌توانند خطرات جدی ایمنی و آسیب به تجهیزات را به دلیل خطر اشتعال ناشی از قوس الکتریکی ایجاد کنند. این مقاله یک طرح تشخیص جدید برای خطاهای امپدانس بالا در سیستم‌های توزیع الکتریکی بر اساس اندازه گیری مشابهت ارائه می‌کند. در این روش بر اساس شکل موج دو نیم سیکل متوالی جریان، شاخصی استخراج می‌شود که با استفاده از آن می‌توان خطاهای امپدانس بالا را تشخیص داد. الگوریتم پیشنهادی تشخیص خطای امپدانس بالا می‌تواند این رخدادها را از سایر رخدادهای بدون خطا با شکل موج‌هایی که ممکن است مشابه شکل موج‌های خطای امپدانس بالا باشند، متمایز کند. در این مقاله، چهار مورد مطالعاتی برای تأیید الگوریتم پیشنهادی تشخیص خطاهای امپدانس بالا شبیه‌سازی شده است. نتایج شبیه‌سازی، توانایی قابل قبول عملکرد روش پیشنهادی در تشخیص خطا با امپدانس بالا و تفکیک آنها از دیگر رخدادها را به نمایش می‌گذارد.
The electric arc is one of the most intense electrical events. This phenomenon occurs due to the electric discharge between two conductors or between a conductor and the ground, through the air. When the short-circuit current intensity is high, it can be easily detected by traditional protection equipment. However, when the short-circuit current is low, traditional protection methods cannot detect these faults. Faults that do not generate enough fault current to be detected by conventional protective equipment are called high-impedance faults (HIFs). HIFs can cause serious safety hazards in power distribution systems and damage to equipment due to the risk of arc ignition. This paper presents a new detection scheme for HIFs in electrical distribution systems based on similarity measurement. In this method, based on the waveform of two consecutive half-cycles of the current, an index is extracted that can be used to detect HIFs. The proposed HIF detection algorithm can distinguish these events from other non-fault events with waveforms that may be similar to HIF waveforms. In this paper, four case studies are simulated to verify the proposed HIF detection algorithm. The simulation results demonstrate the acceptable performance of the proposed method in detecting HIFs and distinguishing them from other events.
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