افشای اطلاعات در بازار سرمایه، چالش‌ها و آسیب‌ها

محورهای موضوعی : بازارها و نهادهای مالی

رضا شمسی ¹ ( گروه حسابداری، واحد قم، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قم، ایران. )
رضا غلامی جمکرانی ² ( گروه حسابداری، واحد قم، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قم، ایران. )

تاریخ دریافت : 1401/09/10 تاریخ پذیرش : 1401/12/20 تاریخ انتشار : 1402/01/01

کلید واژه: بازار سرمایه, آسیب‌شناسی, مدل سه‌شاخگی, تحلیل تم, چارچوب افشا,

چکیده مقاله :

هدف: گزارشگری مالی، ارائه‌دهنده تصویر کلی از وضعیت، عملکرد و انعطاف‌پذیری شرکت‌ها به دنیای بیرونی است. هدف از این پژوهش، آسیب‌شناسی چارچوب افشای اجباری اطلاعات گزارشگری مالی در بازار سرمایه با استفاده از مدل سه‌شاخگی بوده است.روش‌شناسی پژوهش: پژوهش حاضر یک مطالعه با رویکرد کیفی و مبتنی بر روش تحلیل تم می‌باشد. تمرکز پژوهش بر دیدگاه‌های حسابرسان؛ مدیران مالی و سهام‌داران بازار سرمایه که همگی از استفاده‌کنندگان اصلی و برجسته گزارش‌های مالی هستند، بوده است. به این ترتیب که ابتدا با استفاده از بررسی چک لیست‌های کنترلی سازمان بورس و اوراق بهادار، چارچوب اولیه افشاء استخراج گردیده و سپس از طریق مصاحبه با 14 نفر از حسابرسان و کارشناسان سازمان بورس، داده‌های حاصل از مصاحبه با روش فوق بررسی شد.یافته‌ها: بر اساس یافته‌های پژوهش، در خصوص افشای اطلاعات در بازار سرمایه، آسیب‌هایی در ابعاد ساختاری، رفتاری و محیطی شناسایی گردید، از آسیب‌های اساسی شناسایی‌شده، بیشترین آن به بخش‌های حاکمیت شرکتی، کنترل‌های داخلی و افشای معاملات با اشخاص وابسته اختصاص داشته و همچنین در بخش‌های دیگر، آسیب‌هایی من‌جمله شکلی بودن دستورالعمل‌ها و عدم قابلیت اجرا آن دستورالعمل‌ها و کلی بودن و عدم توجه به جزئیات اجرایی به‌عنوان آسیب، شناسایی‌شده‌اند.اصالت / ارزش‌افزوده علمی: نتایج این پژوهش می‌تواند در بازنگری و اصلاح دستورالعمل‌ها و چارچوب افشای اطلاعات مؤثر باشد و همچنین کیفیت افشا را بهبود بخشیده و اطلاعات حاصل از گزارشگری مالی، اتکای بیشتری یافته و در نهایت بتواند نظر ذی‌نفعان و استفاده‌کنندگان اطلاعات را به نحو بهتری جلب نماید.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Purpose: Reporting to the outside world provides an overview of a company's financial position, performance, and flexibility. The purpose was to use a three-branch model to conduct a pathology of the framework of mandatory information disclosure in the capital market.Methodology: The present research was a qualitative study that employed themes analysis. The study concentrated on auditors, financial managers, and shareholders, who are the primary and most important users of financial statements. First, the initial disclosure framework was extracted using the Securities and Exchange Organization's control checklists. The data was then analyzed using themes analysis after interviews were conducted with 14 auditors and experts from the Securities and Exchange Organization.Findings: Based on the research findings, regarding the disclosure of information in the capital market, structural, behavioral and environmental damages were identified. The instructions are sometimes formal and not applicable, or are presented in general and lack executive details.Originality / Value: The results of this research can be effective in reviewing and modifying the guidelines and framework of information disclosure, as well as improve the quality of disclosure and make information more reliable, and finally be able to attract the attention of stakeholders and users of information.

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