The Evaluation and Comparison of Single- and Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes in the Removal of Heavy Metals from Water
محورهای موضوعی :Seyyedeh Sepideh Feyz 1 , Farhad Khamchin Moghadam 2
1 - Department of Civil Engineering, Mashhad branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
2 - Department of Civil Engineering, Mashhad branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
کلید واژه: Water Pollution, Carbon Nanotube, Single-Walled Nanotube, Nano Adsorbent,
چکیده مقاله :
The water scarcity crisis and water pollution are among the key issues both in the current century and in the future. Several different techniques have been introduced for the decontamination of water pollution, among which using the nanotubes is one of the most influential. In this project, the single-walled and multi-walled carbon nanotubeswere employed to test the possibility of removing heavy metal ions, such as Fe2+, Cd2+, Pb2+ and Ni2+. The effects of three factors including carbon nanotubes, ions’ initial concentration, and contact time were tested. According to the difference rate of nanotubes’ adsorption diagrams, the maximum differences in the performance of single- and multi-walled are obtained as 30 percent for the initial solution concentration and around 5 percent for Nano adsorbent concentration. The results showed that in the different initial concentrations of metal ions, multi-walled nanotube had a better performance, while in case of changing the amount of adsorbent; the single-walled nanotube had a higher adsorption. And if the time changes, multi-walled carbon nanotube can have a higher adsorption.
1. G Kunz T., 2005. Environmental implications and solutions.,Malakoti Khah J.,Alizade R.,Koohi M.K. Tehran, Iran.15,183-184
2. Mozaffari M., 2015.Theoretical and experimental study of removing heavy metals by carbon nanotubs and zeolite, Islamic Azad University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
3. Al-Sadati S.A., 2013. Principles, concepts and applications of nanobiotechnology, Tarbiat Modares University, Iran.
4. Savage N., Diallo M.S., 2005.Nanomaterials for water purification. J Nanopart Res. 7, 331-42.
5. Akasaka T., Watari F., 2009. Capture of bacteria by fl exible carbon nanotubes. Acta Biomater. 5, 607-12.
6. Albuquerque Junior E.C., Mendez M.O.A., Coutinho A.D.R., Franco T.T., 2008. Removal of cyanobacterial toxins from drinking water by adsorption on activated carbon fibers. Material Research. 11, 370-80.
7. Brady-Estevez A.S., Kang S., Elimelech M., 2008. A single-walled carbon nanotube filter forremoval of viral and bacterial pathogens. Small. 4, 481-4.
8. Gotovac S., Yang CM., Hattori Y., Takahashi K., Kanoh H., Kaneko K., 2007. Adsorption of poly aromatic hydrocarbons on single-walled carbon nanotubes of different functionalities and diameters. J Colloid Interface Sci. 314, 18-24.
9. Hyung H., Kim J.H., 2008. Natural organic material (NOM) adsorption to multi-walled carbon nanotubes: effect on NOM characteristics and water quality parameters. Environ Sci Technol. 42, 4416-21.
10. Agnihotri S., Mota J.P.B., Rostam-Abadi M., Rood M.J., 2005. Structural characterization of single walled carbon nanotube bundles by experiment and molecular simulation. Langmuir. 21, 896- 904.
11. Donaldson K., Aitken R., Tran L., Stone V., Duffin R., Forrest G., 2006. Carbon nanotubes: a review of their properties in relation to pulmonary toxicology and workplace safety. Toxicol Sci. 92, 5-22.
12. Yan X.M., Shi B.Y., Lu J.J., Feng C.H., Wang D.S., Tang H.X., 2008. Adsorption and desorption of atrazine on carbon nanotubes. J Colloid Interface Sci. 321, 30–8.
13. Benny T.H., Bandosz T.J., Wong S.S., 2008. Effect of ozonolysis on the pore structure, surface chemistry, and bundling of single walled carbon nanotubes. J Colloid Interface Sci. 317, 375–82
14. Chen Y., Liu C., Li F. Cheng H.M., 2006. Pore structures of multi walled carbon nanotubes activated by air, CO2 and KOH. J Porous Mater . 13, 141–6.
15. Li Y.H., Wang S., Zhang X., Wei J., Xu C., Luan Z., Wu D., 2003. Adsorption of fluoride from water by aligned carbon nanotubes. Mater Res Bull. 38, 469–76.
16. Liao Q., Sun J., Gao L., 2008. Adsorption of chlorophenols by multi walled carbon nanotubes treated with HNO3 and NH3. Carbon. 46, 544–61.
17. Liu Y., Shen Z., Yokogawa K., 2008. Investigation of preparation and structures of activated carbon nanotubes. Mater Res Bull. 41, 1503–12.
18. Mauter S.M., Elimelech M., 2008. Environmental applications of carbon based nanomaterials. Environ Sci Technol. 42, 5843–59.
19. Kar S., Bindal R.C., Prabhakar S., Tewari P.K., Dasgupta K., Sathiyamoorthy D., 2008. Potential of carbon nanotubes in water purification: an approach towards the development of an integrated membrane system. Int J Nucl Desalination. 3, 143–50.
20. Mahmoud A.M., Ibrahim F.A., Shaban S.A., Youssef N.A., 2015. Adsorption of heavy metal ion from aqueous solution by nickel oxide nano catalyst prepared by different method. Egyptian Journal of Petroleum. 24(1), 27-35.
21. Pragnesh N., Dave and Lakhan V., Chopda., 2014. Application of Iron Oxide Nanomaterials for the Removal of Heavy Metal. Hindawi Publishing Corporation., Journal of Nanotechnology. (1), 1-14.
22. Wang X ., Guo Y., Yang L ., Han M., Zhao J., Cheng X.,2012. Nanomaterials as Sorbents to Remove Heavy Metal Ions in Wastewater Treatment. Environmental & Analytical Toxicology. 2(7), 154-158.
23. Sharma Y.C., Srivastava V., Singh V.K., Kaul SN, Weng CH., 2009. Nano adsorbents for the removal of metallic pollutants from water and wastewater. Environmental Technology. 30(6), 583 — 609.
