Study on Insecticides Effects of Some Medicinal Plant Extracts on the Population Rates of Eggs and Nymphs of the Common Pistachio Psyllid (Agonoscena pistaciae)
Azadeh Keneshlo
1
(
Departmant of plant protection, Damghan branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
)
Mahdi Naeimi
2
(
Departmant of plant protection, Damghan branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
)
Mahdi Mohammadi Moghadam
3
(
Crop and Horticultural Sciences Research Department, Semnan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center (Shahrood), AREEO, Shahrood, Iran
)
Majid Aldaghi
4
(
Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Station of Sabzevar, Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Mashhad, Iran
)
کلید واژه: Pistachio, Thyme, Eucalyptus, Chamomile, Plant extract, Agonoscena pistaciae,
چکیده مقاله :
The common pistachio psyllid is one of the most important pests of pistachio trees throughout the pistachio-producing regions in Iran. In the present research, the extracts of some medicinal plants were used to study their inhibitory effect on oviposition and population rates of nymphs of common pistachio psyllid. To evaluate the effect of several medicinal herb extracts (Thyme, Eucalyptus, and Chamomile) on the psyllid, an experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The extracts were sprayed at concentrations of 2.5, 5, and 7.5 per thousand. Sampling was performed in four stages; 3, 7, 14, and 21 days after spraying. The results showed that among different types of plant extracts, thyme extract was the most effective product on the reduction of population rate of eggs and nymphs of the common pistachio psyllid, although the extract of other medicinal plants, eucalyptus and chamomile, were also reduced the rates of egg and nymph. The dose of 7.5 per thousand of all extracts showed a better effect on the number of insect eggs and nymphs. In addition, the results indicated the better effect of these products on the number of insect eggs and nymphs appeared at 14 and 21 days after spraying.
چکیده انگلیسی :
The common pistachio psyllid is one of the most important pests of pistachio trees throughout the pistachio-producing regions in Iran. In the present research, the extracts of some medicinal plants were used to study their inhibitory effect on oviposition and population rates of nymphs of common pistachio psyllid. To evaluate the effect of several medicinal herb extracts (Thyme, Eucalyptus, and Chamomile) on the psyllid, an experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The extracts were sprayed at concentrations of 2.5, 5, and 7.5 per thousand. Sampling was performed in four stages; 3, 7, 14, and 21 days after spraying. The results showed that among different types of plant extracts, thyme extract was the most effective product on the reduction of population rate of eggs and nymphs of the common pistachio psyllid, although the extract of other medicinal plants, eucalyptus and chamomile, were also reduced the rates of egg and nymph. The dose of 7.5 per thousand of all extracts showed a better effect on the number of insect eggs and nymphs. In addition, the results indicated the better effect of these products on the number of insect eggs and nymphs appeared at 14 and 21 days after spraying.
1. Burckhardt D., Lauterer P., 1989. Systematics and biology of the Rhinocolinae (Homoptera: Psylloidea). Journal of Natural History. 23(3), 643-712.
2. Lauterer P., Broumas T., Drosopoulos S., Souliotis C., Tsourgianni A., 1998. Species of the genus Agonoscena (Homoptera, Psyllidae), pests on Pistacia and first record of A. pistaciae in Greece. Annales de l'Institut phytopathologique Benaki. 18, 123-128.
3. Mart C., Erkilic L., Bolu H., Uygun N., Altin M., 1995. Species and pest control methods used in pistachio orchards of Turkey. Acta Horticulturae. 419, 379-386.
4. Bazzaz A., Hassani M.R., Sheibani Tezerji Z., 2019. Attraction of Agonoscena pistaciae (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae) to male or female psyllid in field condition. Journal of Entomological Research. 10(4), 55-63.
5. Hassani, M.R., 2009. Bioecology and economic injury level of Agonoscena pistaciae (Hem: Psyllidae) in Rafsanjan region of Iran. PhD Thesis, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran. [In Persian]
6. Mehrnejad M.R., 1998.Evaluation of the parasitoid Psyllaephagus Pistaciae (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) as a biocontrol agent of the common pistachio psylla Agonoscena pistaciae (Hemiptera: Psylloidea). PhD Thesis, Wye College, University of London, England.
7. Mehrnejad M.R., 2001. The current status of pistachio pests in Iran. Cahiers Options Méditerranéennes. 56, 315-322.
8. Mehrnejad M.R., 2001. Bionomics of the common pistachio psylla, Agonoscena pistaciae, in Iran. Acta Horticulturae. 591, 535-539.
9. Tengerdy R.P., Szakács G., 1998. Perspectives in agrobiotechnology. Journal of biotechnology. 66(2), 91-99.
10. Rausell C., Martínez-Ramírez A.C., García-Robles I., Real M.D., 2000. A binding site for Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ab toxin is lost during larval development in two forest pests. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 66(4), 1553-1558.
11. Thacker J.R.M., 2002. An introduction to arthropod pest control, Cambridge University Press. pp.15
12. Ware G.W., 1983.Pesticides: Theory and application. WH Freeman & Company. Pp.308
13. Hidalgo E., Moore D., Le Patourel G., 1998. The effect of different formulations of Beauveria bassiana on Sitophilus zeamais in stored maize. Journal of Stored Products Research. 34, 171-179.
14. Volkmar C., 2008. Biopesticides of plant origin. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection. 41(3):233-234.
15. Copping L.G., Menn J.J., 2000. Biopesticides: a review of their action, applications and efficacy. Pest Management Science. 56(8), 651-676.
16. Radjabi G.,1989. Insects attacking rosaceous fruit trees in Iran. Vol 3: Homoptera. Publication of Plant Pests and Diseases Research Insititute, Tehran.
20. Hodek I., 2014. Biology of Coccinellidae. Springer-Verlag GmbH. pp.295.
17. Samih M., Alizadeh A., Saberi Riseh R., 2005. Pistachio pests and diseases in Iran and their IPM. Organization of Jihad-e-University, Tehran.
18. Matthews G.A., 1999. Pesticides, IPM and training. Phytoparasitica. 27(4), 253-256.
19. Taghi-Zadeh Sarokolaee A., 2007. Insecticidal effects of essential oils of Thymus presicus and Prangos acaulis on three species of warehouse products beetles. Master's Thesis, Faculty of Agriculture. Tarbiat-Modares University.
20. Mahdavi Arab N., Ebadi R., Hatami B., Talebi Jahromi Kh., 2007. Investigating the insecticidal effect of some plant extracts on Callosobrochus maculates F. in the laboratory and Laphigma exigua H. in the greenhouse. Journal of Science and Technology of Agriculture and Natural Resources. 11(42), 221-234.
21. Hummelbrunner L., Isman M., 2001. Acute, sublethal, antifeedant, and synergistic effects of monoterpenoid essential oil compounds on the tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura (Lep., Noctuidae). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 49, 715-720.
22. Koschier E.H., Sedy K.A., 2003. Labiate essential oils affecting host selection and acceptance of Thrips tabaci Lindeman. Crop Protection. 22, 929-934.
23. Henderson C.F., Tilton E.W., 1955 Tests with acaricides against the brow wheat mite. J Econ Entomol. 48, 157-161.
24. Sadeghi A., Pour-Mirza A., Oromchi S., Shayesteh N., 1998. Investigating the sensitivity of different biological stages of cotton whitefly to chemical pesticides and neem, Proceeding of 13th Iranian Plant Protection Congress. pp. 222.
25. Duke J.A., 1985. Handbook of Medicinal Herbs. CRC Press, Boca Roton, FL.pp.896
26. Zargari A., 2014. Medicinal plants. Tehran University Publication.
27. Huang Y., Lam S.L., HO S.H., 2000 Bioactivities of essential oil from Elletaria cardamomum (L.) Maton. to Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky and Tribolium castaneum (Herbst). Journal of Stored Products Research. 36, 107-117.
28. Tapondjou L.A., Adler C., Bouda H., Fontem D.A., 2002. Efficacy of powder and essential oil from Chenopodium ambrosioides as post-harvest grain protectants against six-stored product beetles. Journal of Stored Products Research. 38(4), 395-402.
29. Park I.K., Lee S.G., Choi D.H., Park J.D., Ahn Y.J. 2003. Insecticidal activities of constituents identified in essential oil from leaves of Chamaecyparis obtusa against Callosobruchus chinensis. Journal of Stored Products Research. 39, 375-384.
30. Tapondjou L.A., Adler C., Fontem D.A., Bouda H., Reichmuth C., 2005. Bioactivities of cymol and essential oils of Cupressus sempervirens and Eucalyptus saligna against Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky and Tribolium castaneum du Val. Journal of Stored Products Research. 41, 91-102.
31. Jalali Sendi J., Haghighian F., Ali akbar A.R., 2003. Insecticidal effects of Artemisia annua L. and Sambucus ebulus L. extracts on Tribolium confusum Duv. Iranian Journal of Agriculture Sciences. 44(2), 313-319.
32. Rahman A., Talukder F.A., 2006. Bioefficacy of some plant derivatives that protect grain against the pulse beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus. Journal of Insect Science. 6(3), 10.
33. Aureli P., Conestantini A., Zolea S., 1992. Antimicrobial activity of some plant essential oil against Listeria monocytogenes. Journal of Food Protection. 55, 344-348.
34. Arras G., Vsai M., 2001. Fungitoxic activity of 12 essential oils against four postharvest citrus pathogens: chemical analysis of Thymus capitatus oil and its effect in subatomospheric pressure condition. Journal of Food Protection. 64, 1025-1029.
35. Elgayyar M., Droughon F.A., Golden D.A., Maunt J.R., 2001. Antimicrobial activity of essential oils from plant against selected pathogenic and saprophytic microorganism. Journal of Food Protection. 64, 1019-1024.
36. Mattheis J.P., Roberts R.G., 1993. Fumigation of sweet cherry (Prunus avium Bing.) fruit with low molecular weight aldehydes for postharvest decay control. Plant Disease. 77, 810-814.
