An Investigation into Irisin Levels: Acute and Chronic Effects of Combined Training and Its Association with Anthropometric Variables in Overweight Men

محورهای موضوعی :

Yazgaldi Nazari ¹ , Masoud Nikbakht ² , Abdolhamid Habibi ³

1 - Ph.D student in Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
2 - Ph.D in Exercise Physiology, Associate Professor and Faculty Member, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
3 - Ph.D in Exercise Physiology, Professor and Faculty Member, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

تاریخ دریافت : 1396/06/12 تاریخ پذیرش : 1397/08/07 تاریخ انتشار : 1396/06/12

کلید واژه: overweight, Combined training, Irisin, Myokine,

چکیده مقاله :

Irisin, a novel myokine secreted from skeletal muscles, has an important relationship with physical activity and health. However, it has been reported as a therapeutic target for metabolic diseases. The purpose of this study was to measure both acute and chronic effects of combined training on serum Irisin levels and the relationship between Irisin and anthropometric variables such as weight, body mass index (BMI) and fat percentage in overweight young men. İn 2016 in Gonbnad City, Golestan Privince, northern Iran, 20 overweight men aging 20-25 yr with BMI of 25-30 were randomly selected and equally divided into control and experimental groups. Fasting blood samples were collected three times, before the start of training, after the first session of training (acute), and 48 h after the end of the eight-week training (chronic). Combined training (endurance and strength) was done 3 times/week for eight weeks, as training in first session started at 50% of intensity and it was progressively increased 5% each week. Serum Irisin levels increased significantly when its levels were compared before training and after the completion of combined training (P≤0.05). However, no significant correlation was observed between the concentration of serum Irisin levels and anthropometric characteristics of the subjects both before and after the training. Eight weeks of combined training could be an efficient exercise type in increasing serum Irisin levels in overweight men. Irisin may causes metabolic and physiological changes within the body and play a protective role against overweightness and obesity associated with inactivity.

منابع و مأخذ:

1. Aberg M.A., Pedersen N.L., Toren K., Svartengren M., Backstrand B., Johnsson T., Cooper-Kuhn C.M., Aberg N.D., Nilsson M., Kuhn H.G., 2009. Cardiovascular fitness is associated with cognition in young adulthood. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 106(49), 20906-20911.
2. Kruk J., 2007. Physical activity in the prevention of the most frequent chronic diseases: an analysis of the recent evidence. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 8(3), 325-528.
3. Blondell S.J., Hammersley-Mather R., Veerman J.L., 2014. Does physical activity prevent cognitive decline and dementia? A systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. BMC Public Health. 14(1), 510-522.
4. Bauman A.E., 2004. Updating the evidence that physical activity is good for health: an epidemiological review 2000ââ‚‌“2003. J Sci Med Sport. 7(1), 6-19.
5. Pedersen B.K., Febbraio M.A., 2012. Muscles, exercise and obesity: skeletal muscle as a secretory organ. Nature Rev Endocrinol. 8(8), 457-465.
6. Lopez M., Tovar S., Vazquez M.J., Williams L.M., Dieguez C., 2007. Peripheral tissue-brain interactions in the regulation of food intake. Proc Nutr Soc. 66(1), 131-155.
7. Villarejo C., Fernandezââ‚‌Aranda F., Jimenezââ‚‌Murcia S., Penasââ‚‌Lledo E., Granero R., Penelo E., Tinahones F.J., Sancho C., Vilarrasa N., Montserratââ‚‌Gil de Bernabe M., Casanueva F.F., 2012. Lifetime obesity in patients with eating disorders: increasing prevalence, clinical and personality correlates. Eur Eat Disord Rev. 20(3), 250-254.
8. Pedersen B.K., 2009. The diseasome of physical inactivityââ‚‌“and the role of myokines in muscle-fat cross talk. J Physiol. 587(23), 5559-5568.
9. Bostrom P., Wu J., Jedrychowski M.P., Korde A., Ye L., Lo J.C., Rasbach K.A., Bostrom E.A., Choi J.H., Long J.Z., Kajimura S., 2012. A PGC1-[agr]-dependent myokine that drives brown-fat-like development of white fat and thermogenesis. Nature. 481(7382), 463-468.
10. Wrann C.D., White J.P., Salogiannnis J., Laznik-Bogoslavski D., Wu J., Ma D., Lin J.D., Greenberg M.E., Spiegelman B.M., 2013. Exercise induces hippocampal BDNF through a PGC-1α/FNDC5 pathway. Cell Metabol. 18(5), 649-659.
11. Chen N., Li Q., Liu J., Jia, S., 2016. Irisin, an exerciseââ‚‌induced myokine as a metabolic regulator: an updated narrative review. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 32(1), 51-59.
12. Wu J., Bostrom, P., Sparks L.M., Ye L., Choi J.H., Giang A.H., Khandekar M., Virtanen K.A., Nuutila P., Schaart G., Huang K., 2012. Beige adipocytes are a distinct type of thermogenic fat cell in mouse and human. Cell. 150(2), 366-376.
13. Park A., Kim W.K., Bae K.H., 2014. Distinction of white, beige and brown adipocytes derived from mesenchymal stem cells. World J Stem Cells. 6(1), 33-42.
14. Hewââ‚‌Butler T., Landisââ‚‌Piwowar K., Byrd G., Seimer M., Seigneurie N., Byrd B., Muzik, O., 2015. Plasma irisin in runners and nonrunners: no favorable metabolic associations in humans. Physiol Rep. 3(1), e12262.
15. Roca-Rivada A., Castelao C., Senin L.L., Landrove MO., Baltar J., Crujeiras A.B., Seoane L.M., Casanueva F.F., Pardo M., 2013. FNDC5/irisin is not only a myokine but also an adipokine. Plo S One. 8(4), p.e60563.
16. Moreno-Navarrete J.M., Ortega F., Serrano M., Guerra E., Pardo G., Tinahones F., Ricart W., Fernandez-Real J.M., 2013. Irisin is expressed and produced by human muscle and adipose tissue in association with obesity and insulin resistance. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 98(4), E769-E778.
17. Choi YK., Kim MK., Bae KH., Seo HA., Jeong JY., Lee WK., Kim JG., Lee IK. and Park KG., 2013. Serum irisin levels in new-onset type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 100(1), 96-101.
18. Kim H.J., Lee H.J., So B., Son J.S., Yoon D., Song W., 2016. Effect of aerobic training and resistance training on circulating irisin level and their association with change of body composition in overweight/obese adults: a pilot study. Physiol Res. 65(2), 271-279.
19. Bluher S., Panagiotou G., Petroff D., Markert J., Wagner A., Klemm T., Filippaios A., Keller A., Mantzoros C.S., 2014. Effects of a 1year exercise and lifestyle intervention on irisin, adipokines, and inflammatory markers in obese children. Obesity. 22(7), 1701-1708.
20. Bonfante I.L.P., Chacon-Mikahil M.P.T., Brunelli D.T., Gáspari A.F., Duft R.G., Lopes W.A., Bonganha V., Libardi C.A., Cavaglieri C.R., 2017. Combined training, FNDC5/irisin levels and metabolic markers in obese men: A randomised controlled trial. Eur J Sport Sci. 17(5), 629-637.
21. Hecksteden A., Wegmann M., Steffen A., Kraushaar J., Morsch A., Ruppenthal S., Kaestner L., Meyer T., 2013. Irisin and exercise training in humansââ‚‌“results from a randomized controlled training trial. BMC Med. 11(1), 235-242.
22. Atashak S., 2013. The effect of the eight-week progressive concurrent training on inflammatory index of cardiovascular disease predictor, and body composition in sedentary middle-age men. Iran J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2(3), 16-25.
23. Khodadadi H., Rajabi H., Attarzadeh S.R., Reza S., Abbasian S., 2014. The effect of high intensity interval training (HIIT) and pilates on levels of irisin and insulin resistance in overweight women. Iran J Endocrinol Metabol. 16(3), 190-196.
24. Saleh O., Majeed M.J., Oreaby G.M., 2014. Descriptive Consideration of Serum Irisin Levels Various Factors: Obesity, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Pre Diabetic Status, Gender, and Athletics. J Diabetes Metabol. 5(12), 471-78.
25. Huh J.Y., Panagiotou G., Mougios V., Brinkoetter M., Vamvini M.T., Schneider B.E., Mantzoros C.S., 2012. FNDC5 and irisin in humans: I. Predictors of circulating concentrations in serum and plasma and II. mRNA expression and circulating concentrations in response to weight loss and exercise. Metabolism. 61(12), 1725-1738.
26. Stengel A., Hofmann T., Goebel-Stengel M., Elbelt U., Kobelt P., Klapp B.F., 2013. Circulating levels of irisin in patients with anorexia nervosa and different stages of obesity-correlation with body mass index. Peptides. 39, 125-130.
27. Chen J.Q., Huang Y.Y., Gusdon A.M. Qu S., 2015. Irisin: a new molecular marker and target in metabolic disorder. Lipids Health Dis. 14(1), 1-6.
28. Ramin C., Barrett H.L., Callaway L.K., Nitert M.D., 2014. The Role of Irisin in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Review. Endocrinol Metab Synd. 3(3), 138-147.
29. Kurdiova T., Balaz M., Vician M., Maderova D., Vlcek M., Valkovic L., Srbecky M., Imrich R., Kyselovicova O., Belan V., Jelok, I., 2014. Effects of obesity, diabetes and exercise on Fndc5 gene expression and irisin release in human skeletal muscle and adipose tissue: in vivo and in vitro studies. J Physiol. 592(5), 1091-1107.