Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil, Total Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity of Vitex pseudo-negundo Seeds Collected from Northeastern Iran

محورهای موضوعی :

Hashem Akhlaghi ¹ (Department of Chemistry, Sabzevar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sabzevar, Iran)
Sedighe Sadat Akhlaghi ² (Department of Nephrology, Shahid Beheshti Medical University, Tehran, Iran)
Seyed Abolfazl Mousavi ³ (Undergraduate Student of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Sabzevar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sabzevar, Iran)

تاریخ دریافت : 1396/06/12 تاریخ پذیرش : 1397/08/07 تاریخ انتشار : 1396/06/12

کلید واژه: Antioxidant Activity, GC/MS, Hexadecanoic acid, Vitex pseudo-negundo, Elemol,

چکیده مقاله :

In this study, the essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation of the seeds of Vitex pseudo-negundo (Verbenaceae), growing wild in Sabzevar, Khorasan Razavi Province, Iran, were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The yield of total volatiles was 0.8% (w/w). Thirty-seven compounds representing 92.4% of the seed oil were identified. The main components of the oil were hexadecanoic acid (8.0%), elemol (7.0%) and α-bisabolol (6.1%). The oil was rich in sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (51.2%). The total flavonoids of different extracts of the plant were found the range 56-195 mg/g, with the maximum amount being in the methanol extract. In addition, the antioxidant activities of the extracts were measured by radical scavenging activity of antioxidants against the free radical 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The antioxidant activities of the extracts of V. pseudo-negundo seed were higher than those of the standard synthetic antioxidants, BHT, ascorbic acid and gallic acid.

منابع و مأخذ:

1. Rechinger K.H., 1986. Vitex, in: Flora Iranica, Compositae No. 158. Edits., K.H. Rechinger and I.C. Hedge, Akademische Druck and Verlagsanstalt, Graz, Austria.
2. Mozaffarian V., 1996. A Dictionary of Iranian plant names. Farhang Moaser Publischer, Tehran, 1st Edit., pp. 491.
3. Svecova E., Proietti S., Caruso C., Colla G., Crino P., 2013. Antifungal activity of Vitex agnus-castus extract against Pythium ultimum in tomato. Crop Protection. 43, 223-230.
4. Mozdianfard M., Akhbari M., Batooli H., 2012. Comparative study on the antioxidant activities of the different extracts and the composition of the oil extracted by n-hexane from Iranian Vitex pseudo-negundo. Natural Product Research. 26(23), 2162-2167.
5. Sridevi V.K., Chouhan H.S., Singh N.K., Singh S.K., 2012. Antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of ethanol extract of Vitex glabrata on carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage in rats. Natural Product Res. 26(12), 1135-1140.
6. Chouhan H.S., Sridevi K., Singh N.K., Singh S.K., 2012. Anti-inflammatory activity of ethanol extract of Vitex glabrata leaves. Pak J Pharmaceut Sci. 25(1), 131-134.
7. Stojkovic D., Sokovic M., Glamoclija J., Dzamic A., Ciric A., Ristic M., Grubisic D., 2011. Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of Vitex agnus-castus L. fruits and leaves essential oils. Food Chem. 128(4), 1017-1022.
8. Rohman A., Riyanto S., Yuniarti N., Saputra W.R., Utami R., 2010. Antioxidant activity, total phenolic, and total flavaonoid of extracts and fractions of red fruit (Pandanus conoideus Lam). Int Food Res J. 17, 97-106.
9. Chen C., Pearson M.A., Gray I.J., 1992. Effects of synthetic antioxidants (BHA, BHT and PG) on the mutagenicity of IQ-like compounds. Food Chem. 43, 177-183.
10. Adams R.P., 2007. Identification of Essential oil Components by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrome
11. try. Allured Pub. Corp., Carol Stream, IL., USA.
12. Singleton V.L., Orthofer R., Lamuela-Raventos RM., 1999. Analysis of total phenols and other oxidation substrates and antioxidants by means of Folinââ‚‌“Ciocalteu reagent. Meth Enzymol. 299, 152ââ‚‌“178.
13. Mensor L.I, Menezes F.S., Leitao G.G., Reis A.S., Dos Santos T., Coube C.S., Leitao S.G., 2001. Screen-ing of Brazilian plants extracts for antioxidants activity by use of DPPH free radical method. Phytother Res. 15, 127-130.
14. Mohsen M.S., Ammar S.M.A., 2008. Total phenolic contents and antioxidant activity of corn tassel extracts. Food Chem. 112, 595-598.
15. Amarowicz R., Pegg B.R., Rahimi-moghaddam P., Bar B., Weil J.A., 2003. Free-radical scavenging capacity and antioxidant activity of selected plant species from the Canadian prairies. Food Chem. 84, 551-562