اثر تنش خشکی و سطوح مختلف کود پتاسیم بر عملکرد کمی و کیفی علوفه کوشیا (Kochia scoparia L.)
محورهای موضوعی : یافته های نوین کشاورزیمحمدعلی کریمیان 1 , محمد گلوی 2 , مهدی دهمرده 3 , محمد کافی 4
1 - مربی پژوهشی دانشگاه زابل، پژوهشکده کشاورزی
2 - دانشیار دانشگاه زابل، دانشکده کشاورزی
3 - استادیار دانشگاه زابل، دانشکده کشاورزی
4 - استاد دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، دانشکده کشاورزی
چکیده
کلید واژه: عملکرد بیولوژیک, ماده خشک, هیدرات های کربن محلول, قابلیت هضم, ساقه فرعی,
چکیده مقاله :
این آزمایش به صورت کرت های خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار طی سال 1390 در پژوهشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه زابل اجرا گردید. در این آزمایش آبیاری در سه سطح، شاهد (50% تخلیه مجاز رطوبت)، تنش متوسط (70% تخلیه مجاز رطوبت) و تنش شدید (90% تخلیه مجاز رطوبت) به عنوان عامل اصلی و مقادیر کود سولفات پتاسیم در چهار سطح، عدم مصرف پتاسیم (شاهد)، 75 ، 150 و 225 کیلوگرم در هکتار به عنوان عامل فرعی بود. نتایج نشان داد تنش خشکی باعث کاهش وزن تازه، وزن خشک، ارتفاع، قابلیت هضم ماده خشک، پروتئین خام و افزایش هیدراتهای کربن محلول در آب علوفه گردید و در مقابل کود پتاسیم، وزن تازه، وزن خشک، ارتفاع، قابلیت هضم ماده خشک علوفه را افزایش داد، ولی هر دو تیمار بر تعداد ساقه فرعی بی تاثیر بود. بین سطوح کود پتاسیم بالاترین میزان عملکرد خشک و تازه علوفه، ارتفاع، تعداد ساقه فرعی، قابلیت هضم ماده خشک و هیدرات های کربن محلول در آب در مصرف 225 کیلوگرم در هکتار کود پتاسیم بود. اثرات متقابل عوامل آزمایشی بر کلیه صفات مورد بررسی به جز تعداد ساقه فرعی معنی دار بود. با توجه به نتایج به دست آمده جهت حصول حداکثر عملکرد کمی و کیفی علوفه بهتر است از تیمار آبیاری پس از 50% تخلیه رطوبتی و مصرف 225 کیلوگرم در هکتار کود پتاسیم استفاده گردد.
In order to study the effect of potassium fertilizer under drought stress conditions on growth and forage quality of kochia (Kochia scoparia L.) a field experiment was conducted in split plot design based on complete randomized block with three replications at the Institute of Agricultural Research, University of Zabol, in 2011. The main plots were included three irrigation levels as follows irrigation after 50 percentage depletion of soil water (I1, control), irrigation after 70 percentage depletion of soil water (I2) and irrigation after 90 percentage depletion of soil water (I3), and sub plots were included four levels of potassium fertilizers (control, 75, 150 and 225 kg.ha potassium sulfate). The results showed that drought stress reduced fresh and dry weight, plant height, dry matter digestibility, crude protein and increased water soluble carbohydrate forage. The potassium fertilizer, increased fresh and dry weight, plant height, dry matter digestibility forage, but both treatments had no effect on number of branches. The maximum amount of fresh and dry weight, plant height, dry matter digestibility, water soluble carbohydrate and number of secondary branches forage obtained from treatment with application 225 kg.ha potassium fertilizer. The interaction of experimental factors on all traits was significant except on number of secondary branches. In general, the results of this experiment showed that the highest quantitative and qualitative forage yield obtained from irrigation after 50 percentage depletion of soil water (control) and application of 225 kg.ha potassium fertilizer.
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