بررسی همزیستی توام قارچ میکوریزای آرباسکولار و باکتری مزوریزوبیوم بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد کشت مخلوط ذرت و لوبیا چشم بلبلی
محورهای موضوعی : یافته های نوین کشاورزیزهرا مرزبان 1 , محمدرضا عامریان 2 , مجتبی ممرآبادی 3
1 - دانشگاه پیام نور واحد ازنا لرستان
2 - هیات علمی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود
3 - هیات علمی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود
کلید واژه: کشت مخلوط, ذرت, قارچ میکوریزا, لوبیا, باکتری مزوریزوبیوم,
چکیده مقاله :
به منظور بررسی اثر کاربرد باکتری های مزوریزوبیوم و قارچ میکوریزا بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ذرت و لوبیا چشم بلبلی در کشت مخلوط، آزمایشی در سال 1389در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود به صورت طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی به صورت کشت خالص و کشت مخلوط بر اساس سری افزایشی شامل: ذرت (Z)، لوبیا (B)، کشت مخلوط (I)، ذرت+ قارچ میکوریزا (ZM)، لوبیا+ قارچ میکوریزا (BM)، لوبیا+ باکتری مزوریزوبیوم (BB)، لوبیا+ قارچ میکوریزا+ باکتری مزوریزوبیوم (BMB)، کشت مخلوط+ قارچ میکوریزا (IM)، کشت مخلوط+ باکتری مزوریزوبیوم (IB)، کشت مخلوط+ قارچ میکوریزا+ باکتری مزوریزوبیوم (IMB) بود. بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده صفت های همچون عملکرد دانه لوبیا، عملکرد دانه ذرت، وزن هزار دانه لوبیا، وزن هزار دانه ذرت و تعداد دانه در بلال ذرت تحت تأثیر تیمارهای آزمایشی قرار گرفته اند. بیشترین عملکرد دانه لوبیا با میانگین 7/3053 کیلوگرم در هکتار مربوط به تیمار لوبیا به همراه باکتری مزوریزوبیوم و کمترین عملکرد آن با میانگین 5/1900 کیلوگرم در هکتار متعلق به تیمار کشت خالص لوبیا بود. همچنین بیشترین عملکرد دانه ذرت با میانگین 9/5751 کیلوگرم در هکتار مربوط به تیمار کشت مخلوط به همراه باکتری مزوریزوبیوم و کمترین عملکرد دانه ذرت با میانگین 9/2695 کیلوگرم در هکتار متعلق به تیمار کشت خالص ذرت بود. ارزیابی بسبت برابری زمین(LER) نشان داد بیشترین LER با میانگین 89/2 مربوط به کشت مخلوط و کمترین LER با میانگین 78/1 مربوط به تیمار کشت مخلوط به همراه باکتری بود.
In order to study the effect of mesorhizobium bacteria and mycorrhizal fungi on the yield and yield components of corn and cow pea under intercropping, experiment was carried out in the research field of Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology in the growing season of 2010 using RCBD design and with three replication. Experimental treatments were included in the from of monocropping and intercropping on the basis of additive series, include: zea mayzs (Z), Bean (B), Intercropping (I), Zea mays+ Mycorrhizal (ZM), Bean+ Mycorrhizal (BM), Bean + Mesorhizobuim Bacteria (BB), Bean+ Mycorrhizal + Mesorhizobium Bacteria (BMB), Intercropping + Mycorrhizal (IM), Intercropping +Mesorhizobium Bacteria(IB) Intercropping + Mycorrhizal +Mesorhizobium Bacteria (IMB). The results indicated meaningful difference regarding the characteristics such as bean seed yield, 1000 bean seed weight, and average number of corn seeds in ear, ad well ad corn seed yield and 1000 corn seed weight under various treatments (P<0.01). However, the results did not indicate statistically meaningful difference concerning characteristics like the number of bean pods, average number of bean seed in pod, and the number of ear per plant under various treatments. Regarding bean seed, maximum yield with average weight of 3053.7 kg per hectare belonged to bean-Mesorhizobium intercropping treatment, and minimum yield with average weight of 1900.5 kg per hectare belonged to bean monocropping treatment . Similarly, regarding corn seed, Maximum yield with average weight of 5751.9 kg per hectare belonged to corn- Mesorhizobium intercropping teartmeant and minimum yield with average weight of 2695.9 kg per hectare belonged to corn monocropping treatment. LER highest with average 2.89 obtained from treatment intercropping and the least with average 1.87 was obtained in treatment Mesorhizobium intercropping.
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