بررسی اثر دورهای مختلف آبیاری بر کیفیت تبدیل دانه ژنوتیپ‌های برنج هوازی در شمال خوزستان

محورهای موضوعی : مجله علمی- پژوهشی اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی

کاوه لیموچی ¹ (دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران.)
مهرداد یارنیا ² (استاد گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران)
عطا اله سیادت ³ (استاد دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی رامین.)
ورهرام رشیدی ⁴ (استادیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران)
عبدالعلی گیلانی ⁵ (استادیار، عضو هیأت علمی بخش اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان خوزستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اهواز، ایران.)

تاریخ دریافت : 1395/05/05 تاریخ پذیرش : 1395/09/18 تاریخ انتشار : 1397/09/01

کلید واژه: کیفیت, رنگ, کمیت, آمیلوز, ژل,

چکیده مقاله :

به منظور بررسی اثر رژیم‌های مختلف آبیاری بر کیفیت تبدیل دانه ژنوتیپ‌های برنج آزمایشی به صورت کرت‌های یک‌بار خرد شده، در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار به مدت دو سال (1393 و 1394) در مزرعه ایستگاه تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی شاوور وابسته به مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل، چهار رژیم آبیاری (1، 3، 5 و 7 روزه) و 12 ژنوتیپ برنج که به ترتیب در کرت‌های اصلی و فرعی قرار گرقتند بودند. نتایج تجزیه مرکب نشان داد اثر برهمکنش بین ژنوتیپ و رژیم آبیاری در تمامی صفات معنی‌دار بود. به عبارتی، ژنوتیپ‌ها بسته به دور آبیاری، واکنش متفاوتی داشتند. بیشترین عملکرد دانه با متوسط 10/6555 کیلوگرم در هکتار را رژیم آبیاری دوم و ژنوتیپ IR 81025-B-327-3 داشت. نسبت طویل‌شدن دانه در رژیم آبیاری چهارم و ژنوتیپ IR 79907-B-493-3-1 بیشتر بود. بالاترین میزان آمیلوز و کمترین قوام ژل مربوط به رژیم آبیاری اول و ژنوتیپ‌های متحمل بود. دمای ژلاتینه شدن در رژیم آبیاری چهارم بالاترین مقدار و ژنوتیپ‌های IR 80508-B-194-3-B و IR 81429-B-31 به ترتیب از بیشترین و کمترین میزان برخوردار بودند. غلظت ژل بیشترین همبستگی مثبت و معنی‌دار (**399/0) را با نسبت طویل شدن دانه داشت. که می‌تواند از اهداف مهم در تحقیقات به‌نژادی و اصلاح ارقام باشد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

The current study is aimed to study impacts of different irrigation regimes on quality of converting examined rice genotypesa split-plot arrangement using randomized complete blokes design with three replications in 2014 and 2015, in Research and Education Center of Agricultural of Shavar related to agricultural research and Natural Resources of Khuzestan. Experimental research include Four different irrigation regimes (1, 3, 5 and 7 days), and 12 genotypes rice that respectively are located in the main plots and sub- plots. The results of analyzing compound showed that interaction effect was meaningful between genotype and irrigation regimes in all traits. On the other hand, genotypes have different reactions in terms of irrigation periods. The highest grain yield with 6555.10 kg per hectare was Second irrigation regime and IR 81025-B-327-3 genotype. The elongation ratio was higher in Fourth irrigation regimes and IR 79907-B-493-3-1 genotype. The highest amylase content and lowest gel consistency was related to the first irrigation regime and tolerant genotypes. Gelatinization temperature (Gt) in the Fourth irrigationregimes was the highest one and IR 80508-B-194-3-B and IR 81429-B-31 genotypes have respectively the highest and lowest values. Gel consistency had a significant positive correlation (0.399**) with a grain elongation ratio which can be an important objective of the research on improvement and breeding sorts.

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