تحلیلی بر عوامل پیدایش و رشد سریع دولت اسلامی در سوریه و عراق
محورهای موضوعی : روابط بین الملل
کامران طارمی
1
(استادیار روابط بین الملل دانشگاه تهران)
کلید واژه: سوریه, عراق, القاعده, دولت اسلامی, اسلام سلفی و جهادی,
چکیده مقاله :
چکیده از سال 2010 تا کنون سازمان موسوم به دولت اسلامی تبدیل به قویترین گروه تروریستی در خاورمیانه گشته و تهدیدات جدی متوجه امنیت منطقه نموده است. این مقاله به بررسی چگونگی تشکیل و تطور این سازمان از زمان تشکیل آن در سال 2003 و نیز عوامل درون سازمانی موثر بر پیشرفت و گسترش آن در سطح منطقه می پردازد. این مقاله تلاش می کند تا نشان دهد که شکل گیری و تکامل سازمان مدیون تعامل عوامل گوناگونی نظیر رشد تفکر سلفی-جهادی در دهه 1980، دخالت قدرت های بزرگ در امور منطقه، و بی ثباتی های حاصل از بیداری اسلامی در سوریه است. در باب علل رشد و گسترش سازمان مقاله بر آن است که نشان دهد عوامل درون سازمانی نظیر پیام های امید بخش سازمان برای اهل تسنن در منطقه، حکمرانی موثر و موفق سازمان، توانائی های سازمان در عرصه نظامی، و مدیریت قوی منابع مالی مهمترین علل درون سازمانی موفقیت های دولت اسلامی در این محدوده زمانی بوده اند.
Since 2010 the organization called the Islamic State has emerged as the most dangerous terrorist outfit in the Middle East. This article examines the factors that have interacted to shape the organization since it appearance in 2003. It also discusses the internal factors that have contributed to the organization's success in the region. It argues that factors such as the spread of Salafi and jihadi thought among the Sunnis in the Muslim world, big power intervention in the area, and the so-called Islamic awakening have been the most prominent reasons behind the rise of Islamic State. It also contends that the organization owes its success to the popularity of its message among the Sunnis, its military prowess, good governance, and efficient utilization of its financial resources.
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