جداسازی و شناسایی میکروفلورای استخرهای پرورشی و دستگاه گوارش میگوی سفید غربی (لیتوپنئوس وانامی) و ارزیابی آن ها به عنوان پروبیوتیک

محورهای موضوعی : میکروب شناسی مولکولی

مینا زیارتی ¹ (دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد جهرم، گروه میکروبیولوژی)
مهران آوخ کیسمی ² (گروه بیوتکنولوژی آبزیان، مرکز آموزش جهاد کشاورزی بوشهر)
فرشید کفیل زاده ³ (دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد جهرم، گروه میکروبیولوژی)

تاریخ دریافت : 1391/03/01 تاریخ پذیرش : 1391/05/14 تاریخ انتشار : 1391/10/12

کلید واژه: دستگاه گوارش, باکتری های بیماری زا, لیتوپنئوس وانامی,

چکیده مقاله :

سابقه و هدف: امروزه پرورش میگو در اکثر کشورهای استوایی رایج شده است. اما در حال حاضر بیماری‌های فراوانی پرورش میگوی سراسر جهان را تحت تاثیر قرار داده اند. عوامل عفونی باکتریایی مهم ترین معضل بهداشتی بیماری های میگوی پرورشی هستند. هدف از این پژوهش، جداسازی و شناسایی فلور باکتریایی آب پرورشی و دستگاه گوارش میگوی سفید غربی (لیتوپنئوس وانامی) در استخرهای پرورشی استان بوشهر و بررسی آنها به عنوان پروبیوتیک می باشد. مواد و روش ها: نمونه های میگو و آب 10 استخر پرورش میگوی استان بوشهر به آزمایشگاه منتقل شدند. نمونه های میگو کالبد شکافی گردیدند. باکتری های جداسازی شده بر اساس آزمون های بیوشیمیایی، ریخت شناسی و نرم افزار بیولوگ شناسایی شدند. سپس با استفاده از دو روش چاهک گذاری و دیسک گذاری فعالیت ضدباکتریایی آن ها در برابر 6 باکتری بیماری زا ارزیابی گردید. یافته ها: از آب پرورشی و دستگاه گوارش میگو 12 جنس مختلف از باکتری ها جداسازی شدند. بیشترین فراوانی باکتری‌های جداسازی شده مربوط به باسیلوس، ویبریو و سودوموناس بود. از بین جدایه ها باکتری های باسیلوس، میکروکوکوس و کورینه باکتریوم بیشترین اثر آنتاگونیستی را در برابر باکتری های پاتوژن مورد بررسی از خود نشان دادند. نتیجه گیری: تقریباً تمام باکتری های جداسازی شده از دستگاه گوارش میگو در استخرهای پرورشی نیز یافت شدند. باکتری هایی مانند باسیلوس با تولید مواد ضدمیکروبی مانع رشد پاتوژن ها می شوند.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Background and Objectives: Nowadays, Shrimp culture has been prevailed in most of tropical countries; however, a variety of diseases have currently affected the business worldwide. Infectious bacterial agents are the most significant hygienic problems observed in the cultured shrimps . This study was aimed to isolate and identify microflora of farm ponds and western white shrimp gastrointestinal tract (Litopenaeus vannamei) in the Bushehr Province farm ponds and their survey as probiotic. Materials and Methods: The shrimp and pond water samples were collected from 10 farm ponds (located at Bushehr Province). After transferring the samples to laboratory, the shrimp samples were autopsied to access to their intestinal microflora. The isolated bacteria were identified based on biochemical tests, morphology and Biolog software. Antibacterial activities of the isolates against 6 common pathogenic bacteria in shrimps were then investigated using well diffusion and disk diffusion methods. Results: Overall, 12 bacterial genera were isolated from the farm ponds and shrimp gastrointestinal tract. The majority of bacterial species most abundantly isolated were Bacillus, Vibrio and Pseudomonas. Among the isolated bacteria, Bacillus, Micrococcus and Corynebacterium showed the most antibacterial activity against evaluated pathogenic bacteria. Conclusion: Almost all the isolated bacteria from shrimp gastrointestinal tract were found in farm ponds as well. The bacterium Bacillus sp., for instance, is able to inhibit the growth of pathogens through secreting antimicrobial products.

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