مقایسه آموزش نظریه انتخاب و خوش‌بینی بر حس انسجام روانی دانشجویان
محورهای موضوعی : روان شناسی تحولی
رضا مه‌پویا
1
(
دانشجوی دکتری روان‌شناسی
دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران مرکز
)
افسانه قنبری‌پناه
2
(
استادیار گروه روان شناسی
دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی
واحد تهران مرکز
)
منصوره شهریاری‌احمدی
3
(
استادیار گروه روان شناسی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی
واحد تهران مرکزی
)
کلید واژه: نظریه انتخاب, خوش‌بینی, حس انسجام روانی,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف این پژوهش مقایسه اثربخشی آموزش نظریه انتخاب و خوش‌بینی بر حس انسجام روانی دانشجویان بود. پژوهش از نوع شبه تجربی با طرح پیش‌آزمون و پس‌آزمون با گروه گواه و پیگیری دو ماهه بود. 120 دانشجوی دختر از طریق نمونه‌برداری در دسترس انتخاب شدند و به مقیاس حس انسجام (آنتونوسکی، 1987) پاسخ دادند و پس از آن، 60 نفر با کمترین نمره به‌طور تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایش و یک گروه گواه جایگزین شدند. سپس دانشجویان دو گروه آزمایش، در دوره‌های آموزش نظریه انتخاب و خوش‌بینی به مدت هشت جلسه شرکت کردند. بعد از پایان دوره‌ها، پس‌آزمون و بعد از گذشت دو ماه، آزمون پیگیری برای هر سه گروه اجرا شد. یافته‌های پژوهش نشان داد که هر دو دوره آموزش نظریه انتخاب و خوش‌بینی به‌طور معنادار حس انسجام دانشجویان را افزایش می دهد، اما آموزش نظریه انتخاب اثربخشی بیشتری دارد. بر اساس یافته های پژوهش و اهمیت حس انسجام روانی می توان دریافت هر دو دوره آموزشی نظریه انتخاب و خوش بینی در آموزش دانشجویان سودمند است، اما آموزش نظریه انتخاب به‌عنوان روشی با اثربخشی بیشتر توصیه می شود.
This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of the choice theory and optimism training on the sense of coherence among students. The research method was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest design and control group and follow-up for two months. 120 female students were selected by convenience sampling method and responded to Sense of Coherence Scale (Antonovsky, 1987). Then 60 students with the lowest scores of the sense of coherence were randomly assigned to 3 groups including 2 experimental groups and one control group. The students of experimental groups participated in choice theory and optimism courses in 8 sessions. All the 3 groups were evaluated by post-test at the end of the courses and after 2 months in follow-up. The results showed that both choice theory and optimism training significantly increased sense of coherence among students, but choice theory training had more effectiveness. According to the findings of this study and the importance of the sense of coherence, both choice theory and optimism courses can be useful methods to educate students, but choice theory training is recommended as a more effective method.
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