دلبستگی و پیامدهای تحولی: نقش بازنمایی‌های ذهنی در پیش‌بینی مشکلات درونی‌سازی و برونی‌سازی کودکان پیش‌دبستانی
محورهای موضوعی : روان شناسی تحولی
پریسا‌سادات سیدموسوی
1
,
ثنا نوری‌‌مقدم
2
1 - استادیار پژوهشکده خانواده دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
2 - دانشجوی دکتری روان‌شناسی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
کلید واژه: دلبستگی, بازنمایی‌های ذهنی, مشکلات درونی‌سازی و برونی‌سازی,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف این پژوهش تعیین نقش بازنمایی‌های ذهنی در پیش‌بینی مشکلات درونی‌سازی و برونی‌سازی در کودکان پیش‌دبستانی بود. نمونه پژوهش شامل 75 کودک 4 تا 6 ساله (52 دختر ، 23 پسر) بود که از شش مهدکودک به روش خوشهای چندمرحلهای در تهران انتخاب شدند. مادران فهرست رفتاری کودک (آشنباخ و رسکولا، 2001) را تکمیل کردند و بازنمایی‌های ذهنی کودکان نیز به وسیله مجموعه داستانهای مکآرتور (امد، ولف و اپنهایم، 2003) ارزیابی شد. نتایج تحلیل رگرسیون گام به گام نشان دادند بازنمایی‌های ذهنی منفی از خود، موضوعهای اخلاقی، روابط همدلانه، هیجان منفی و تعارض کلامی مهم‌ترین پیش‌بینی‌کننده‌های مشکلات درونی‌سازی و بازنمایی‌های ذهنی پرخاشگری، تعارض کلامی و بازنمایی منفی از والدین مهم‌ترین پیش‌بینی‌کننده‌های مشکلات برونی‌سازی در کودکان است. یافته‌های پژوهش همسو با نظریه دلبستگی نشان دادند مدلهای کاری درونی کودک می‌تواند مکانیزم اثرتعامل والدـکودکبر پیامدهای تحولی باشد.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of mental representation in predicting the internalizing and externalizing problems in preschool children. The sample consisted of 75 children (52 girls, 23 boys) between 4 and 6 years. The participants were selected by multistage cluster sampling from 6 nursery school of Tehran, Iran. The mothers completed the Child Behavioral Checklist (Achenbach & Rescorla, 2001). The mental representations of children were assessed by the McArthur Story Stem Battery (Emde, Wolf & Oppenheim, 2003). The results of step by step regression indicated that negative representation of self, moral issues, empathic relations, negative emotion and verbal conflict were the most important predictors of internalizing and the representations of aggression, verbal conflict and negative representation of parents were the most determinant predictors of externalizing problem. The findings were consistent with attachment theory, suggesting internal working models can be considered as a mechanism between child-parent interaction and developmental outcomes.
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