اثربخشی مداخلة مبتنی بر ذهن‌آگاهی بر نشانه‌های نارسایی توجه/ فزون‌کنشی زیر آستانة تشخیص و مشکلات برونی‌سازی نوجوانان

محورهای موضوعی : روان‌شناسی بالینی

اشکان ناصح ¹ , لیلا حیدری نسب ² , محمدرضا شعیری ³

1 - دانشجوی دکتری روان‌شناسی بالینی دانشگاه شاهد
2 - استادیار دانشگاه شاهد
3 - دانشیار دانشگاه شاهد

تاریخ دریافت : 1397/01/18 تاریخ پذیرش : 1397/01/18 تاریخ انتشار : 1396/10/01

کلید واژه: مشکلات برونی‌سازی‌, نوجوانان, مداخلة مبتنی بر ذهن‌آگاهی, نشانه‌های نارسایی توجه/ فزون‌کنشی زیر آستانة تشخیص,

چکیده مقاله :

این پژوهش اثربخشی مداخلة مبتنی بر ذهن‌آگاهی را بر کاهش نشانه‌های نارسایی توجه/ فزون‌کنشی زیر آستانة تشخیص و مشکلات برونی‌سازی‌ نوجوانان بررسی کرد. فهرست رفتاری کودک و فرم خودگزارش‌دهی نوجوانان نظام سنجش مبتنی بر تجربة آشنباخ در نمونة 253 نفری از نوجوانان و مادران آن‌ها اجرا شد. 24 نفر از نوجوانانی که بنابر نتایج فهرست رفتاری کودکان، نمره‌های مرزی در زیرمقیاس مشکلات توجه و نمره‌های بالا در مشکلات برونی‌سازی‌ داشتند و نشانه‌های آن‌ها در فرم خودگزارش‌دهی نوجوانان نیز تأیید شده بود، به‌تصادف در دو گروه آزمایش (12 نفر) و کنترل (12 نفر) قرار گرفتند. گروه آزمایش 8 جلسة مداخلة مبتنی بر ذهن‌آگاهی در مدت 8 هفته دریافت کرد. گروه کنترل در این بازه زمانی هیچ مداخله‌ای دریافت نکرد. داده‌های کمّی با استفاده از آزمون تحلیل واریانس چندمتغیری تحلیل شد و یافته‌ها نشان داد که پس از مداخله نشانه‌های نارسایی توجه/ فزون‌کنشی و مشکلات برونی‌سازی‌ در نوجوانان گروه آزمایش در مقایسه با نوجوانان گروه کنترل کاهش معنادار داشته است. یافته‌های این پژوهش کاربرد بالینی در پیشگیری و درمانگری نشانه‌های نارسایی توجه/ فزون‌کنشی و مشکلات برونی‌سازی نوجوانان در فضاهای بالینی و مدارس دارد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

the present study examined the efficacy of mindfulness based intervention in reducing subclinical attention deficit/hyperactivity symptoms and externalizing problems in adolescents. The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and the Youth Self–report (YSR) of Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment (ASEBA) were administered to a sample of 253 adolescents and their mothers. Twenty four of adolescents who scored borderline in attention problem subscale, scored high in externalizing problems scale of CBCL, and their scores had been confirmed by the Youth Self-report were selected and randomly assigned into either experimental (n=12) or control (n=12) groups. The experimental group received 8 mindfulness based intervention sessions for 8 weeks. The data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). The results indicated that attention deficit/ hyperactivity symptoms and externalizing problems reduced significantly in experimental group compared to control group. The findings of this study may be of practical importance for prevention and treatment of adolescents' attention deficit/ hyperactivity symptoms and externalizing problems in clinical settings and schools.

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