مدل تحولی تفاوتهای فردی مبتنی بر ارتباط و سبک‌های پردازش حسی در کودکان پیش‌دبستانی
محورهای موضوعی : روان‌شناسی بالینی
سعیده طوفانی اصل
1
(کارشناس ارشد روان‌شناسی تربیتی
دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد)
امیر امین یزدی
2
(استاد گروه روان‌شناسی و علوم تربیتی
دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد)
حسین کارشکی
3
(دانشیار گروه روان‌شناسی تربیتی و علوم تربیتی
دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد)
کلید واژه: تحولی, تفاوتهای فردی, مدل مبتنی بر ارتباط, پردازش حسی,
چکیده مقاله :
این پژوهش با هدف تعیین مدل تحولی تفاوت های فردی مبتنی بر ارتباط و سبک‌ها ی پردازش حسی در کودکان پیش‌دبستانی. روش پژوهش توصیفی از نوع همبستگی و جامعة پژوهش کودکان پیش دبستانی شهر مشهد در سال 2019 بود. تعداد 300 کودک مقطع پیش دبستانی به شیوة دردسترس و داوطلبانه از میان مهدکودک ها ی منطقة 10 و 11 شهر مشهد انتخاب شدند و تحول مبتنی بر تفاوت های فردی و ارتباط و نیمرخ تیپ‌ها ی حسی آن ها با دو پرسشنامة هیجان کارکردی (گرینسپن، 2007) و پروفایل پردازش حسی دان (وینی دان، 1999) ارزیابی شد. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد بین مدل تحولی با سبک‌ها ی پردازش حسی همبستگی وجود دارد و اثر سبک‌ها ی پردازش حسی بر تحول معنادار است و 8درصد واریانس تحول را سبک‌ها ی پردازش حسی تبیین می کند. از بین چها ر سبک پردازش حسی (ثبت پایین حسی، اجتنابگر حسی، حساسیت حسی و جست و جو گر حسی) سبک ثبت پایین حسی بیشترین اثر را بر تحول داشته است. این نتایج نشان داد نمرة غالب حسی کودکان و مقایسة نمره‌ها‌ی چها ر سبک حسی و نقاط ضعف و قوت هر یک از سبک‌ها ، پاسخ‌ها ی رفتاری کودکان را در موقعیت‌ها ی مختلف پیش بینی می کند. بر اساس یافته‌ها می‌توان نتیجه گرفت آگاهی از سبک غالب حسی به والدین در امر والدگری و به معلمان در فرایند یادگیری کودکان برای طراحی مداخله ها ی مؤثر کمک می کند.
This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between Developmental, Individual-difference, relationship-based model, and sensory processing patterns of preschools. The research design was descriptive-correlational. 300 participants were selected by convenience method from kindergartens of 10 and 11 urban areas of Mashhad and Social-Emotional Scale (Greenspan, 2007) and a Sensory Profile of Dunn Questionnaire (Vein Dunn, 1999) were used for scaling developmental individual relationship model and sensory profile of Dun. Results showed that significant relationship between DIR modeland sensory processing types. (P<0.01). 0.8 percent of DIR variance could be predicted by sensory profile. Among four sensory types (Low sensory registration, Avoiding sensory, Sensitive sensory, and Seeking sensory), Low sensory registration type was significant. Also For each participant, there was at least one dominant sensory processing type. In addition, results showed that Comparing scale of four sensory types and weakness or strength of each sensory types could predict behavior of children in different situations. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that Awareness of dominant sensory processing type in preschools, could lead parents and teachers design more sufficient learning and adaptations interventions for behavioral problems.
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