Relationship Among Dual-labor Market, Food Security, and General Health in Rural Areas
محورهای موضوعی : Strategic planningپروانه خسروی 1 , حسین آگهی 2 , شهپر گراوندی 3
1 - دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد توسعه روستایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران
2 - دانشیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران
3 - استادیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران
کلید واژه: General Health, Food Security, Dual-labor market,
چکیده مقاله :
This study aimed to determine whether dual-labor markets increase the income and consequently the food security of rural households and whether they improve the general health of the heads of these households. To achieve this goal, a descriptive cross-sectional survey with comparative designs was conducted to explore the relationship among the research variables. The statistical population was composed of the heads of rural households living in the rural district of Mahidasht in Kermanshah County, Kermanshah province, Iran. Overall, 283 household heads, who were chosen by the systematic sampling method, were interviewed. Food security and general health were measured using the 18-item Household Food Security Survey Module (HFSSM-18) and the 28-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28). The validity of the research instrument was assessed and confirmed by an expert panel at Razi University and its reliability was established using Cronbach's alpha. Data analysis was performed in the SPSS16 and AMOS software packages. The results show that dual-labor markets significantly increase the income of the household heads who work in secondary labor forces, and as a result, they enjoy a higher degree of food security in their households. However, a closer examination reveals that the income generated from the secondary labor market has a significant inverse correlation with the general health of these household heads, as they are more likely to suffer from severe depression, anxiety, insomnia, and social dysfunction (compared to the household heads who were not working in secondary labor forces). In the end, the paper provides several recommendations for local officials, planners, and policymakers.
در مطالعه حاضر سعی شد به بررسی این مطلب پرداخته شود که آیا دوگانگی جغرافیایی میتواند به افزایش درآمد و به تبع امنیت غذایی خانوارهای روستایی منجر شود و دیگر اینکه این پدیده چه تاثیری میتواند بر سلامت عمومی سرپرستان خانوارهای روستایی بگذارد. بهمنظور دستیابی به این اهداف، از مطالعه مقایسهای و روش توصیفی پیمایشی مقطعی بهره گرفته شد. جامعه آماری شامل سرپرستان خانوارهای روستایی ساکن در دهستان ماهیدشت استان کرمانشاه بودند که تعداد 283 نفر از آنها به روش نمونهگیری سیستماتیک انتخاب و مورد مصاحبه قرار گرفتند. به منظور سنجش متغیرهای امنیت غذایی و سلامت عمومی به ترتیب از پرسشنامههای استاندارد HFSSM-18وGHQ-28 استفاده شد. روایی و پایایی ابزار تحقیق با استفاده از پانل متخصصان و آلفای کرونباخ تایید شد. به منظور تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها از نرم افزار های SPSS 16 و AMOS بهره گرفته شد. بر طبق نتایج، دوگانگی جغرافیایی بازار کار میتواند به طور معناداری بر افزایش درآمد سرپرست خانوارها تاثیر بگذارد. بررسی دقیق تر این یافته نشان داد رابطه معکوسی بین سلامت عمومی سرپرستان دارای دوگانگی جغرافیایی بازار کار با درآمد حاصل از بازار کار ثانویه وجود دارد؛ چرا که دوگانگی جغرافیایی بازار کار میتواند منجر به افسردگی شدید، اضطراب و بیخوابی، اختلال عملکرد اجتماعی در آنان شود. در پایان مقاله نیز پیشنهادهایی برای مسئولان محلی، برنامه ریزان و سیاستمداران ارائه شد.
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