Solutions to Reduce the Vulnerability of Farmers and Beneficiaries of Agricultural Sector to Climate Change
محورهای موضوعی : Education and training
عبدالواحد کعبی
1
,
کوروش روستا
2
,
سعید محمدزاده
3
,
رضا برادران
4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد بیرجند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بیرجند، ایران
2 - دانشیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد بیرجند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بیرجند، ایران
3 - استادیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، اهواز، ایران
4 - دانشیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد بیرجند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بیرجند، ایران
کلید واژه: agriculture, Climate Change, Vulnerable farmers,
چکیده مقاله :
Climate change in the Middle East and Iran, as well as the decline in agricultural products and crop lands in Iran over the past 10 years, has attracted the attention of many researchers. Numerous researches have considered economic, environmental, psychological-social, and technical-agricultural damages as a result of climate change in the agricultural sector.Solutions to reduce the vulnerability of farmers and beneficiaries to climate change in Khuzestan province will be discussed.The present study was performed in three stages of qualitative study and one stage of quantitative study. The statistical population of the qualitative section consisted of 83 highly experienced farmers and those suffering from climate change, 18 exemplary farmers introduced by the Jihad Agricultural Organization of Khuzestan province, 33 Ph.D. and 237 master students in agriculture from various universities in the province as well as 100 agricultural experts from the Agricultural Jihad Organization. The research variables were also categorized into six solutions and three barriers (challenges) in the third stage of the qualitative investigation, and introduced for a quantitative stage. The fourth stage of the study was a quantitative stage in which the statistical population consisted of 384 farmers and farming beneficiaries in Khuzestan province. The tool for data collection in the quantitative stage of the questionnaire was based on a Likert scale. As well, the sample in the quantitative and qualitative stages was selected via the convenience method.Economic losses have been affected by various such solutions as economic-financial-support by the government, as well as training-promotional, technical-agricultural, and social issues. Also, environmental damages have been affected by economic-financial as well as supportive solutions by the government, training- promotional and institutional-infrastructure issues, and finally, psychological-social ills and technical-agricultural damages have been affected by managerial and technical-agricultural solutions, respectively. The solutions stated in the practical dimension face barriers or challenges.
تغییرات اقلیمی در خاورمیانه و ایران همچنین کاهش محصولات کشاورزی و زمین‌های زراعی در ایران طی 10 سال اخیر نیز توجه بسیاری از محققان را به خود جلب کرده است. تحقیقات متعددی آسیب‌های اقتصادی، زیست‌محیطی، روانشناسی- اجتماعی و فنی- زراعی را حاصل تأثیر تغییرات اقلیمی در بخش کشاورزی می‌دانند. هدف مطالعه بررسی راهکارهای کاهش آسیب‌پذیری کشاورزان و بهره‌برداران بخش کشاورزی در مواجه با تغییرات اقلیم در استان خوزستان است. پژوهش حاضر طی سه مرحله مطالعه کیفی و یک مرحله مطالعه کمی انجام گردید. جامعه آماری بخش کیفی شامل83 نفر کشاورزان باتجربه و کسانی که بخاطر تغییرات اقلیمی دچار آسیب شدهاند، 18 نفر کشاورز نمونه معرفی‌شده توسط سازمان جهاد کشاورزی استان خوزستان همچنین 33 نفر دانشجوی دکتری و 237 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد رشته کشاورزی از دانشگاه‌های مختلف استان خوزستان و 100 نفر کارشناسان کشاورزی سازمان جهاد کشاورزی بودند. متغیرهای تحقیق نیز در مرحله سوم بررسی کیفی در شش راهکار و سه مانع(چالش) دسته‌بندی و جهت مرحله کمی معرفی شدند. مرحله چهارم مطالعه مرحله کمی بوده که در آن جامعه آماری پژوهش 384 نفر از کشاورزان و بهره‌برداران بخش کشاورزی استان خوزستان بودند. ابزار گردآوری اطلاعت در مرحله کمی پرسشنامه براساس طیف لیکرت بوده همچنین شیوه انتخاب نمونه در بخش کمی و کیفی از نمونه در دسترس استفاده‌شده است. یافته‌های تحقیق نشان می‌دهد که آسیب‌های اقتصادی تحت تأثیر راهکارهای مختلف ازجمله اقتصادی-مالی-حمایتی دولت، آموزشی-ترویجی، فنی-زراعی و اجتماعی قرارگرفته است. همچنین آسیب‌های زیست‌محیطی تحت تأثیر راهکارهای اقتصادی-مالی-حمایتی دولت، آموزشی-ترویجی و نهادی زیرساختی بوده و در آخر آسیب‌های روانشناسی- اجتماعی و آسیب‌های فنی- زراعی به ترتیب تحت تأثیر راهکارهای مدیریتی و فنی-زراعی قرارگرفته است. راهکارهای بیان‌شده در بعد کاربردی دارای موانع و چالش‌هایی هستند.
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