Farm Food Safety Practices in the North of Iran
محورهای موضوعی : Environmental policy and management
احمد عابدی سروستانی
1
(
گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران
)
آمنه آورند
2
(
دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد ترویج کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان
)
کلید واژه: farmers, Agricultural Products, Food Safety, Field Sanitation,
چکیده مقاله :
Food safety begins on the farms and farmers play a crucial role in producing healthy food. Several factors were investigated here including water quality, labor health, health facilities, packaging and storage, transportation, fertilizers and solid organic materials, and field sanitation to reach more comprehensive results. So, 380 farmers were selected from 77 villages of rural areas of Gonbad-e Kavus County, north of Iran, using multistage random sampling. Data were collected by a questionnaire and analyzed with the SPSS18 software. Results showed that the score of the food safety practice index was above average and could be evaluated at a good level. Farmers had the best practice in “field sanitation” and the worst practice in “labor health”. Literate farmers had better food safety practices than illiterate farmers. The food safety practice index showed positive correlations with educational level and farmer income from other jobs. However, negative correlations were observed regarding farmer age, job experience and income from husbandry. It is suggested that educational programs and essential facilities are needed to enable farmers to adhere to farm food safety practices.
ایمنی غذایی از مزرعه شروع می شود و کشاورزان نقش حیاتی در تولید غذای سالم و بهداشتی دارند. برای بررسی کامل وضعیت ایمنی غذایی در مزرعه، عوامل گوناگونی مانند کیفیت آب، بهداشت کارگران، تسهیلات بهداشتی، بسته بندی و ذخیره سازی، حمل و نقل، کود و مواد آلی خشک و بهداشت عرصه مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. بدین منظور 380 کشاورز از 77 روستا در شهرستان گنبد کاووس در شمال ایران با روش نمونه گیری خوشه ای تصادفی چند مرحله ای انتخاب شدند. اطلاعات با پرسشنامه جمع اوری و با نرم افزار SPSS تجزیه و تحلیل گردید. نتایج نشان داد که شاخص عملیات ایمنی غذایی در مزرعه بیشتر از حد متوسط می باشد که می تواند در سطح خوب ارزیابی شود. بهترین عملیات کشاورزان مربوط به بهداشت عرصه و ضعیف ترین آن مربوط به بهداشت کارگران بود. کشاورزان باسواد از عملیات ایمنی غذایی بهتری نسبت به کشاورزان بیسواد برخوردار بودند. عملیات ایمنی غذایی با سطح تحصیلات کشاورزان و همچنین میزان درآمد آنان از سایر مشاغل، دارای همبستگی مثبت و معنی دار بود. اما همبستگی عملیات ایمنی غذایی در مزعه با متغیرهای سن، سابقه کار و درامد کشاورزان از دامداری، دارای همبستگی منفی و معنی دار بود. پیشنهاد می شود برنامه های آموزشی و تسهیلات لازم برای قادر ساختن کشاورزان به منظور رعایت عملیات ایمنی غذایی در مزرعه فراهم گردد.
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