Factors Affecting Avoiding the Use of Pesticides to Greenhouse Vegetables in Bandar Abbas District (Iran)
محورهای موضوعی : Education and trainingمسعود یزدان پناه 1 , فاطمه رحیمی فیض آباد 2 , خدیجه عباس زاده 3
1 - دانشیار، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ایران
2 - دانشجوی دکتری ترویج کشاورزی، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ایران
3 - دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه هرمزگان، هرمزگان، ایران
کلید واژه: Chemical pesticides, Theory of Planned Behaviour, subjective norm, moral norm, greenhouse owners, self-identity,
چکیده مقاله :
Despite huge environmental, economic, health, and social costs of pesticides, evidence revealed that farmers in developing countries would continue to use pesticides. The root of the problem appears to be related to the way of farmers’ decision making. As such, it is crucial for policymakers to understand how farmers think and behave with regard to these inputs. Therefore, the aim of this research was to accrue empirical evidence about greenhouse owners’ attitudes and intention toward avoiding using pesticides in Bandar Abbas District using the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB). TPB was tested using a survey to understand greenhouse owners’ attitude and intention. The study sample consisted of 110 greenhouse owners selected through a random sampling method. Data were collected with a structured questionnaire to assess the central variables of the theory. The questionnaire’s internal reliability and validity were confirmed by a panel of experts. Results indicated that the greenhouse owners’ moral norm was the main predictor of their intention to avoid pesticide application followed by the variables of self-identity and attitude, respectively. Furthermore, adding moral norm and self-identity as additional constructs to the theory significantly improved the explanatory power of the standard model.
شواهد نشان داده اند کشاورزان در کشورهای درحال توسعه، با وجود هزینه های بزرگ زیست محیطی، اقتصادی، بهداشتی و اجتماعی مصرف آفت کش ها، همچنان به استفاده از آنها ادامه داده اند. به نظر می رسد، ریشه این مسئله به تصمیم گیری کشاورزان مربوط می شود. به این ترتیب، برای سیاست گذاران درک این مسئله که چگونه کشاورزان در رابطه با این موضوع فکر می کنند و رفتار می کنند، بسیار مهم و ضروری است. بنابراین، هدف پژوهش حاضر، ارائه شواهد تجربی درباره نگرش و تمایل گلخانه‌داران در رابطه با عدم مصرف سموم آفت‌کش در شهرستان بندرعباس بود. به منظور دستیابی به این هدف از تئوری رفتار برنامه‌ریزی شده به عنوان مبانی نظری تحقیق، استفاده شد. این تئوری به منظور درک نگرش و تمایل گلخانه داران با استفاده از روش تحقیق پیمایش آزمون شد. نمونه تحقیق، 110 نفر از گلخانه داران شهرستان بندرعباس بودند که براساس روش نمونه گیری تصادفی ساده انتخاب شدند. جمع آوری داده ها در این پژوهش با استفاده از پرسشنامه محقق ساخت برای متغیرهای اصلی تئوری انجام شد. اعتبار درونی پرسشنامه و پایایی آن مورد تایید قرار گرفت. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد، تمایل گلخانه داران در رابطه با عدم مصرف سموم آفت‌کش به طور معنی‌داری توسط متغیر هنجار اخلاقی و پس از آن به ترتیب توسط متغیرهای هویت خود و نگرش تبیین شد. علاوه بر این یافته‌ها نشان داد، با افزودن دو متغیر هنجار اخلاقی و هویت خود به تئوری رفتار برنامه‌ریزی شده قدرت پیش‌بینی تئوری افزایش یافت.
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