The Driving and Inhibiting Factors of Mechanized Tobacco Production in Iran Using the Delphi Technique

محورهای موضوعی : Farm Management

سید میلاد سمیع زاده ¹ ( گروه مدیریت کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد رشت، رشت، ایران )
سعید فیروزی ² ( گروه زراعت، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران )

تاریخ دریافت : 1395/03/16 تاریخ پذیرش : 1395/06/23 تاریخ انتشار : 1395/12/11

کلید واژه: Tobacco, Delphi Technique, tobacco cultivation, agriculture mechanization,

چکیده مقاله :

Increased cost of tobacco cultivation is a major concern for its sustainable production in Iran. Therefore, the development of tobacco mechanized cultivation is a necessity. Given this, the driving and inhibiting factors of the development of mechanized tobacco cultivation were investigated by the Delphi technique in three rounds in Guilan Province, Iran. Nineteen experts from the Jahad Agriculture Organization of Guilan Province and the Agriculture Management Services in Rasht County and Western Guilan were selected as the research panel as recommended by the academic professors of the Guilan Province. The results were analyzed by SPSS21. In the last round, 10 superior driving and inhibiting factors were ranked based on the final experts’ consistency as the final decision. The results revealed that identification of pioneer farmers and their encouragement to mechanized tobacco cultivation and the import of the latest technologies of tobacco cultivation and their modification in accordance with regional conditions were the most important driving factors as 97.37 and 94.74% of panel experts agreed, respectively. In addition, 98.68% of experts rated insufficient research on tobacco cultivation mechanization and 96.05% of experts rated the small size of tobacco farms as the most important inhibiting factors. Accordingly, the development of supportive policies to support pioneer tobacco growers in mechanized cultivation of this industrial crop, the technical assessment for modern tobacco cultivation machinery, the reduction of imported tobacco machinery prices, and the support of research on mechanization of tobacco cultivation are some important strategies that should be considered by those involved in tobacco production in Guilan Province, Iran.

چکیده انگلیسی:

افزایش هزینه­های کشت مکانیزه توتون از چالش­های مهم در پایداری تولید این محصول در ایران است. بنابراین، توسعه کشت مکانیزه توتون امری ضروری است. در این راستا، عوامل پیش­برنده و بازدارنده توسعه کشت مکانیزه توتون در استان گیلان در ایران از طریق روش دلفی در سه مرحله، مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. بر اساس توصیه اساتید دانشگاهی استان گیلان، تعداد نوزده نفر کارشناس خبره از سازمان جهاد کشاورزی استان گیلان و ادارات کشاورزی رشت و شهرستان­های غرب استان گیلان به عنوان اعضاء گروه تحقیق برگزیده شدند. نتایج با استفاده از نرم­افزار SPSS21 مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند.  بر اساس توافق نهایی کارشناسان در آخرین مرحله تحقیق دلفی، 10 عامل برتر از هر گروه، به عنوان پیش­برنده­ها و بازدارنده­ها مرتب شدند. شناسایی و تشویق کشاورزان پیش­رو برای کشت مکانیزه توتون و واردات آخرین فناوری­های کشت توتون و اصلاح آن­ها مطابق با شرایط منطقه، به ترتیب با کسب 37/97 و 74/94 درصد از توافق نهایی کارشناسان گروه تحقیق به عنوان مهمترین پیش­برنده­ها شناسایی شدند. به علاوه، 68/98 درصد از کارشناسان، عامل تحقیقات ناکافی در زمینه مکانیزاسیون کشت توتون و 05/96 درصد از کارشناسان تحقیق، عامل کوچک­بودن مزارع توتون را به عنوان مهمترین بازدارنده­ها معرفی کردند. از این رو، توسعه سیاست­های حمایتی توتون­کاران پیش­رو در زمینه کشت مکانیزه این محصول صنعتی، ارزیابی فنی ماشین­های پیشرفته کشت توتون، کاهش قیمت ماشین­های توتون وارداتی، و حمایت از تحقیقات مکانیزاسیون کشت توتون از مهمترین راهبردهایی هستند که باید مورد توجه متصدیان تولید توتون در استان گیلان در ایران قرار گیرند.

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