Effective Factors on the Participation of Mazandaran Province Rural Women in Rice Cultivation
محورهای موضوعی : Farm Management
سعید فعلی نهاوند
1
(
دکتری ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران
)
امیر احمدپور
2
(
دانشیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، واحد ساری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ساری، ایران
)
کلید واژه: rural women, Rural economy, agricultural production, farm participation,
چکیده مقاله :
The purpose of this study was to identify factors which affect rural women's participation in rice cultivation (RWPRC) in Mazandaran Province, Iran. The population of this research consisted of all rural women in Mazandaran Province, Iran. By using a multi-stage random sampling, 300 rural women were selected as statistical sample. The research instrument was a structured questionnaire including some close-ended questions whose validity and reliability were confirmed by a panel of expert and through a Cranach’s alpha test (α= 0.86), respectively. The descriptive results indicated that RWPRC was close to a moderate level. Furthermore, it was shown that the main reasons for rural women's participating in rice cultivation were helping family economy, obtaining extra income, and gaining production surplus, in the order of importance. In addition, these results illustrated the highest RWPRCs were in selecting seed, transplanting and Preparing pre-germinated seedling storage, respectively. Moreover, the findings showed significant relationships between RWPRC and some of its individual and professional characteristics. Finally, the results of the multivariate regression analysis revealed that 42.9 % of variability in RWPRC stems from household income, family size, and land size under rice cultivation. Finally, it is recommended for extension organizations to give attention to the role of gender in agriculture for better extension planning.
هدف از پژوهش، شناسایی عوامل مؤثر بر مشارکت زنان روستایی استان مازندران در کشت برنج است. برای این منظور با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی چندمرحله‌ای تعداد 300 نفر از زنان روستایی شالیکار استان مازندران برای شرکت در فرایند تحقیق انتخاب شدند. ابزار سنجش، پرسشنامه بود که روایی آن توسط اساتید صاحب نظر و پایایی آن پس از انجام یک پیش آزمون و محاسبه ضریب کرونباخ آلفا (0/86=α) مورد تایید قرار گرفت نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که میزان مشارکت زنان روستایی در کشت برنج تقریباً در سطح متوسط است و زنان به دلایلی ازقبیل کمک به اقتصاد خانواده، کسب درآمد و تولید محصول مازاد بر مصرف در کشت برنج مشارکت دارند. همچنین، زنان روستایی بیشترین میزان مشارکت در مراحل مختلف کشت برنج را در فعالیت‌های انتخاب بذر، نشاءکاری و حفظ و نگهداری خزانه داشتند. نتایج تحلیلی تحقیق نشان داد که همبستگی معنی‌داری بین برخی از ویژگی های فردی و حرفهای زنان روستایی با میزان مشارکت آنها در کشت برنج وجود دارد. همچنین، نتایج حاصل از تحلیل رگرسیون چندگانه نشان داد که 42/9 درصد تغییر در واریانس متغیر وابسته توسط سه متغیر درآمد خانواده، تعداد اعضای خانواده و سطح زیرکشت برنج تبیین میشود.
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