The Entrepreneurial Spirit of Rural Women: An Example from Iran
محورهای موضوعی : Education and training
مهدی نوری پور
1
(
دانشیار ترویج کشاورزی و توسعه روستایی، گروه مدیریت توسعه روستایی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران
)
آذر اسکندری
2
(
دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد ترویج کشاورزی، گروه مدیریت توسعه روستایی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران
)
زینب شریفی
3
(
دانشجوی دکترا توسعه کشاورزی، گروه مدیریت توسعه روستایی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران
)
کلید واژه: rural women, entrepreneurial spirit, Entrepreneurial characteristics, Nimrooz County,
چکیده مقاله :
This study aimed to investigate the personality characteristics related to entrepreneurial spirit of rural women. The statistical population of the study included rural women in the central district of Nimrooz County in Sistan and Baluchistan Province (N=406). Krejcie and Morgan Table was used to determine the sample size. To this end, 186 participants were selected through stratified random sampling with proportional allocation. Data were collected by a questionnaire that validity was confirmed via face validity procedure and its reliability was measured by calculating a Cronbach's alpha coefficient. SPSS software was used to analyze data. The results showed that more than 50 % of rural women were strong in terms of balanced risk taking, internal locus of control, need for achievement, mental fluency, tolerance for ambiguity, daydreaming, and innovation. Yet, around 30 % of rural women were weak in terms of balanced risk taking, mental fluency, independence, and innovation. Furthermore, 17 % were weak in terms of daydreaming and challenging. The results of one sample t-test also indicated that 10 dimensions of rural women's entrepreneurial spirit were significantly higher than the average. Therefore, in order to increase rural women’s entrepreneurial spirit, it seems necessary to strengthen such characteristics as balanced risk taking, innovation, independence, mental fluency, challenging, and daydreaming.
این پژوهش با هدف بررسی وضعیت ویژگیهای شخصیتی مربوط به روحیه کارآفرینی زنان روستایی انجام شده است. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل زنان روستایی بخش مرکزی شهرستان نیمروز استان سیستان و بلوچستان بودند که از طریق جدول کرجسی و مورگان 186 نفر به عنوان نمونه تعیین و با تکنیک نمونه‌گیری طبقه‌ای با انتساب متناسب انتخاب و مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتند. دادهها با استفاده از پرسشنامه گردآوری شد که روایی آن به کمک تکنیک روایی صوری و پایایی آن با محاسبه ضریب آلفای کرونباخ تأیید گردید. همچنین از نرمافزار SPSS برای تجزیه و تحلیل دادهها استفاده شد. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که بیش از 50 درصد زنان روستایی در ویژگیهای خطرپذیری متعادل، کانون کنترل درونی، موفقیتطلبی، سلاست روانی، تحمل ابهام، رویاپردازی و نوآوری در حد قوی بودهاند. با این وجود، 30 درصد زنان روستایی از نظر ویژگیهای خطرپذیری متعادل، سلاست فکری، استقلالطلبی و نوآوری در حد ضعیف بودهاند. همچنین نزدیک به 17 درصد زنان روستایی از نظر رویاپردازی و چالشطلبی ضعیف ارزیابی شدند. نتایج آزمون t تک نمونهای نیز نشان داد ابعاد ده گانهی روحیه کارآفرینی زنان بالاتر از حد متوسط بوده است. بنابراین برای افزایش روحیه کارآفرینی زنان روستایی لازم است ویژگیهای خطرپذیری متعادل، نوآوری، استقلالطلبی، سلاست روانی، چالش طلبی و رویاپردازی را در زنان روستایی تقویت نمود.
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