اثر محلول‌پاشی سیلیس بر برخی صفات فیزیولوژیکی گیاه دارویی کلمو (Physorrhynchus chamaerapistrum)
محورهای موضوعی : زراعتابراهیم فانی 1 , شکوفه حاجی هاشمی 2
1 - استادیار گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه صنعتی خاتم الانبیاء بهبهان، بهبهان، خوزستان، ایران
2 - استادیار گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه صنعتی خاتم‌الانبیاءبهبهان، بهبهان، خوزستان ، ایران
کلید واژه: پروتئین, کربوهیدرات, رنگیزه های فتوسنتزی, عملکرد فتوسیستم ها,
چکیده مقاله :
با توجه به گسترش روزافزون مطالعات بر روی گیاهان دارویی و اهمیت آن‌ها در صنایع غذایی و دارویی، مطالعه حاضر بر روی گیاه دارویی کلمو (Physorrhynchus chamaerapistrum ) صورت گرفته است. سیلیس (Si) به‌عنوان یک عنصر مفید برای بسیاری از گونه‌های گیاهی شناخته‌شده است. در مطالعه حاضر به بررسی اثر تیمار سیلیس بر روی برخی از صفات فیزیولوژیک گیاه کلمو پرداخته‌شده است. بدین منظور محلول‌پاشی گیاهان کلمو در رویشگاه طبیعی خود در منطقه بهبهان توسط غلظت‌های صفر (آب مقطر به‌عنوان گیاه شاهد)، 10 و 20 میلی مولارسیلیکات پتاسیم محلول‌پاشی صورت گرفت. پس از یک ماه برگ گیاهان جهت بررسی پاسخ‌های فیزیولوژیکی گیاه به تیمار سیلیس برداشت شدند. بر اساس نتایج به‌دست‌آمده، تیمار سیلیس تأثیر معنی‌داری بر روی شاخص‌های فلورسانس برگ گیاه کلمو نشان نداد درحالی‌که سبب افزایش معنی‌دار رنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی گیاه شد. تیمار سیلیسی تأثیر معنی‌داری بر روی میزانکارایی فتوسیستم 2 (Fv/Fm) و کارایی فتوسیستم های 1 و 2 (PIABS) نشان نداد. میزان کلروفیل های a، b و کل و کاروتنوئیدهادر گیاهان تیمار شده با سیلیس افزایش معنی‌داری را نشان دادند، درحالی‌که در شاخص‌های مذکور در تیمارهای 10 و 20 میلی مولار تفاوت معنی‌داری با یکدیگر نشان نداد. نتایج حاصل از مطالعه حاضر حاکی از آن است که سیلیس به‌عنوان یک عنصر معدنی غیرضروری بر گیاهان می‌تواند سبب ارتقاء عملکرد میزان رنگیزه های فتوسنتزی گیاهان شود.
Based on the increasing literatures on medicinal plants and their importance in the food and pharmaceutical industries, the present study was designed to study on the medicinal plant Physorrhynchus chamaerapistrum. Silica (Si) is known as a beneficial element for many plant species. In the present study was designed to study on the effect of potassium silicate treatment on some physiological traits of P. chamaerapistrumare. In this order, foliar application of 10 and 20 mM potassium silicate and distilled water (as control plant) was applied on P. chamaerapistrumare in their natural habitat in Behbahan. After one month, the leaves of the plants were harvested to investigate the physiological responses of the plants to the potassium silicate treatment. Based on the results, Silica treatment had not significant effect on the leaf fluorescence indices, while it significantly increased photosynthetic pigments in P. chamaerapistrumare. Silica treatment did not show a significant effect on the efficiency of photosystem II (Fv / Fm) and the efficiency of both photosystems I and II (PIABS). The levels of chlorophyll a, b and total and carotenoids in silica-treated plants showed a significant increase in Silica treatment, while they did not show any differences between 10 and 20 mM of potassium silicate. The results of the present study acclaimed that silica as an unnecessary mineral element for plant can improve the photosynthetic pigments contents in plants
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different wheat cultivars under drought stress conditions. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 39:
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15- Marwat, S.K.; Rehman, F. 2011. Medicinal folk recipes used as traditional phytotherapies in
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ecotoxicology: heavy metals, herbicides, and air pollutants. In: Practical applications of
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ascorbic acid on growth, mineral nutrients and oxidative defense system in canola
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19-Shah, A.; Marwat, S.K.; Gohar, F.; Khan, A.; Bhatti, K.H.; Amin, M.; Din, N.U.; Ahmad,
M. ;Zafar, M. 2013. Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants of semi-tribal area of
Makerwal & Gulla Khel (lying between Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Punjab Provinces),
Pakistan.
20.-Sharma, D. K., Fernández, J. O., Rosenqvist, E., Ottosen, C.-O. and Andersen, S. B.
2014. Genotypic response of detached leaves versus intact plants for chlorophyll
fluorescence parameters under high temperature stress in wheat. Journal of plant
physiology 171(8): 576-586.
21-Shen, X.; Zhou, Y.; Duan, L.; Li, Z.; Eneji, A.E.; Li, J. 2010. Silicon effects on
photosynthesis and antioxidant parameters of soybean seedlings under drought and
ultraviolet-B radiation. Journal of Plant Physiology, 167: 1248-1252.
22-www.irimo.ir
23- Yordanov, I.; Velikova, V.; Tsonev, T. 2000. Plant responses to drought, acclimation, and
stress tolerance. Photosynthetica, 38: 171-186.
24- Zivcak, M., Brestič, M., Olšovská, K. and Slamka, P. 2008. Performance index as a
sensitive indicator of water stress in Triticum aestivum L. L. Plant Soil Environ 54(4):
133-139.
10012-Lichtenthaler, H.K. (1987) Chlorophylls and carotenoids: pigments of photosynthetic
biomembranes. In: Methods in enzymology. vol. 148: Elsevier- .350-382.
13-Lotfi, R.; Pessarakli, M.; Gharavi-Kouchebagh, P.; Khoshvaghti, H. 2015. Physiological
responses of Brassica napus to fulvic acid under water stress: Chlorophyll a fluorescence
and antioxidant enzyme activity. The Crop Journal, 3: 434-439.
14-Maghsoudi, K.; Emam, Y.; Pessarakli, M. 2016. Effect of silicon on photosynthetic gas
exchange, photosynthetic pigments, cell membrane stability and relative water content of
different wheat cultivars under drought stress conditions. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 39:
1001-1015.
15- Marwat, S.K.; Rehman, F. 2011. Medicinal folk recipes used as traditional phytotherapies in
district Dera Ismail Khan, KPK, Pakistan. Pak J Bot, 43: 1453-1462.
16-.Popovic, R.; Dewez, D.; Juneau, P. 2003. Applications of chlorophyll fluorescence in
ecotoxicology: heavy metals, herbicides, and air pollutants. In: Practical applications of
chlorophyll fluorescence in plant biology. Springer;: 151-184.
17-Schobert, B.; Tschesche, H. 1978. Unusual solution properties of proline and its interaction
with proteins. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-General Subjects, 541: 270-277.
18-.Shafiq, S.; Akram, N.A.; Ashraf, M.; Arshad, A. 2014. Synergistic effects of drought and
ascorbic acid on growth, mineral nutrients and oxidative defense system in canola
(Brassica napus L.) plants. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 36: 1539-1553.
19-Shah, A.; Marwat, S.K.; Gohar, F.; Khan, A.; Bhatti, K.H.; Amin, M.; Din, N.U.; Ahmad,
M. ;Zafar, M. 2013. Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants of semi-tribal area of
Makerwal & Gulla Khel (lying between Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Punjab Provinces),
Pakistan.
20.-Sharma, D. K., Fernández, J. O., Rosenqvist, E., Ottosen, C.-O. and Andersen, S. B.
2014. Genotypic response of detached leaves versus intact plants for chlorophyll
fluorescence parameters under high temperature stress in wheat. Journal of plant
physiology 171(8): 576-586.
21-Shen, X.; Zhou, Y.; Duan, L.; Li, Z.; Eneji, A.E.; Li, J. 2010. Silicon effects on
photosynthesis and antioxidant parameters of soybean seedlings under drought and
ultraviolet-B radiation. Journal of Plant Physiology, 167: 1248-1252.
22-www.irimo.ir
23- Yordanov, I.; Velikova, V.; Tsonev, T. 2000. Plant responses to drought, acclimation, and
stress tolerance. Photosynthetica, 38: 171-186.
24- Zivcak, M., Brestič, M., Olšovská, K. and Slamka, P. 2008. Performance index as a
sensitive indicator of water stress in Triticum aestivum L. L. Plant Soil Environ 54(4):
133-139.
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