Identification of New Fungi Isolated from Euonymus spp. in Guilan Province
محورهای موضوعی : مجله گیاهان زینتی
Mohammad Reza Safari Motlagh
1
(
Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Guilan Province,
)
Seyedeh Zahra Bayegan
2
(
Graduated Master of Science in Horticulture, Ornamental Plants, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Guilan Province
)
کلید واژه: Fungi, Pathogens, <i>Euonymus</i> spp, <i>Colletotrichum</i> spp, <i>Phoma</i> sp,
چکیده مقاله :
Euonymus spp. (L.) are some of the most important ornamental plants. Fungal plant pathogens of ornamental plants are the most important factors causing damage. In this research two pathogenic fungal species were isolated from naturally infected Euonymus species and identified. In order to isolation of fungi from disease tissues, the obtained samples were cultured on potato dextrose agar medium. Isolates were cultured due to sporulation on water agar medium. Morphological characters of isolates were studied in order to identify the taxonomy. According to the results, isolates were belonged to Phoma sp. and Colletotricum gloeosporioides. Pathogenicity test of isolates was done in desiccators, and revealed the pathogenicity levels of these fungi and their ability to cause leaf blight on Euonymus spp. This reaction occurred as complete random design (CRD) with eight treatment and three replications. Based on the variance analysis, there was not any significant difference in the disease rating of studying fungi. But based on the sizes and types of the spots appeared on the Euonymus spp. and Horsfall-Barratt system, plants were more affected by the Phoma sp. compared withC. gloeosporioides., and its disease rating was higherand plants showed less tolerance.
شمشاد با نام علمی Euonymus spp. یکی از مهمترین گیاهان زینتی است. عوامل بیماریزای قارچی گیاهی از مهمترین عوامل ایجاد خسارت هستند. در این تحقیق دو گونه از قارچهای بیماریزا از گونههای شمشاد آلوده طبیعی جدا گردید و مورد شناسایی قرار گرفت. به منظور جداسازی قارچ از بافتهای بیمار، نمونههای جمعآوری شده روی محیط کشت PDA کشت داده شدند. جدایهها برای اسپورزایی روی محیط کشت آگار کشت داده شدند. ویژگیهای مورفولوژیکی به متظور شناسایی تاکسونومیکی مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتند. بر اساس نتایج، جدایهها به Colletotrichum gloeosporioides و Phoma sp.تعلق داشتند. آزمایش بیماریزایی جدایه ها در دسیکاتور انجام گرفت و سطوحی از بیماریزایی این قارچها و توانایی شان به ایجاد سوختگی برگی روی گونههای شمشاد آشکار گردید. این واکنش در قالب یک طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 8 تیمار و سه تکرار انجام شد. بر اساس جدول تجزیه واریانس در ارزیابی شدت بیماری، گونههای شمشاد مورد مطالعه واکنش معنیداری به Colletotrichum gloeosporioides و. Phoma spنشان ندادند. اما بر اساس اندازه و تیپ لکههای ظاهر شده روی گونههای شمشاد و سیستم هورسفال – بارات، گیاهان بهوسیله .Phoma sp بیشتر از C. gloeosporioides تحت تاثیر قرار گرفتند، یعنی شدت بیماری این قارچ بیشتر بود و گیاهان تحمل کمتری نشان دادند.
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