In vitro Propagation of a Cut Flower Variety Muscari armeniacum Leichtl. ex Bak. Through Direct Bulblet Proliferation Pathways
محورهای موضوعی : مجله گیاهان زینتی
Md Omar Faruq
1
(Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh)
Md Shahinozzaman
2
(Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh| The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Japan)
Mustafa Azad
3
(Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh)
Muhammad Amin
4
(Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh)
کلید واژه: Micropropagation, Ornamental plant, Direct bulblet proliferation, <i>Muscari armeniacum</i>,
چکیده مقاله :
Muscari armeniacum is one of the important ornamental cut flower in floriculture industry which native to Southern Europe, North Africa, Western Asia and Asia Minor. In this study, bulb explants (basal plate of bulb having meristem), bulb scales and leaf segments from in vitro derived bulblets were culture in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with different plant growth regulator concentrations and combinations to assess growth regulators effect on different bulblet organogenesis pathways in vitro. The results demonstrated that cytokinin in combination with auxin is required for both axillary and adventitious bulblet regeneration. Benzyladenine (BA) - α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) combination, showed significant effects compared to other growth regulator combinations tested. 4.0 µM BA + 2.0 µM NAA was the found to the best for axillary bulblet formation from bulb explants. Likewise, bulb and leaf segments showed the best response in adventitious bulblet organogenesis when they were cultured in BA-NAA combinations. Out of several concentrations of BA with NAA, 4.0 µM BA + 1.0 µM NAA was optimum for adventitious bulblet regeneration. Bulblets, properly isolated from both axillary and adventitious proliferation systems, showed maximum percentage of rooting on half strength MS medium containing 2.0 µM Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). However, the higher concentration of all the auxins showed either callus formation at the base of shoots or malformation of roots. All the in vitro regenerated plantlets were successfully acclimatized under ex vitro environment in the garden soil with 60% survival rate.
Muscari armeniacum یکی از مهمترین گل­های شاخه بریده در صنعت گلکاری است که بومی جنوب اروپا، شمال افریقا و غرب آسیا است. در این مطالعه ریز نمونه­هایی از پیاز (طبق حاوی مریستم) و فلس­های پیاز و قطعات برگی تهیه و در محیط کشت MS با تنظیم کننده­های مختلف رشد کشت شدند و مسیرهای مختلف اندام­زایی درون شیشه­ای مطالعه شد. نتایج نشان داد که سیتوکنین در ترکیب با اکسین برای باززایی پیازچه­های جانبی و نابجا مورد نیاز است. ترکیب بنزیل آدنین (BA)، آلفا نفتالین استیک اسید (NAA)، اثرات چشمگیری در مقابسه با سایر تیمارها داشت. 4 میکرومول BA + 2 میکرومول NAA برای تشکیل پیازچه جانبی از قطعات پیاز، بهترین تیمار بود. همچنین قطعات پیاز و برگ بهترین پاسخ را در باززایی پیازچه نابجا در کاربرد همزمان BA + NAA نشان دادند. در بین غلظت­های مختلف BA و NAA، 4 میکرومول BA + یک میکرومول NAA برای باززایی پیازچه نابجا بهترین تیمار بود. پیازچه­هایی که به خوبی از سیستم­های پرآوری جانبی و نابجا جداسازی شده بودند، حداکثر درصد ریشه­زایی روی محیط کشت 2/1 MS با 2 میکرومول IBA (ایندول بوتیریک اسید) را داشتند. البته غلظت بالاتر همه اکسین­ها یا در انتهای شاخساره (پایین شاخساره) کالوس تشکیل داد یا ریشه­های ناهنجار و بدشکل بدنیا آورد. گیاهچه­های باززایی شده به­صورت دورن شیشه­ای، به­صورت موفقیت­آمیز در شرایط محیطی معمولی در خاک باغچه بومی شده و نرخ زنده­مانی آن­ها 60 درصد بود.
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