Effects of Different Preservative Solutions on Vase Life of Narcissus tazetta Cut Flowers
محورهای موضوعی : مجله گیاهان زینتیHassan Bayat 1 , Mohamad Aminifard 2
1 - Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Iran
2 - Department of Horticultural Science, College of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
کلید واژه: Ascorbic acid, citric acid, ethanol, silicon, Total soluble carbohydrate,
چکیده مقاله :
The main aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of silicon (Si), ethanol (Et), ascorbic acid (AA) and citric acid (CA) on vase life of Narcissus tazetta L. cv. ‘Shahla’cut flowers. For this purpose, an experiment based on completely randomized design was conducted with Si (5, 10 and 20 mM), Et (2 and 4%), AA (100, 200 and 300 mg L-1), CA (100, 200 and 300 mg L-1) and control (distillated water) with 3 replications and 3 samples (individual flowers) for each replicate. The results showed that addition of all preservatives to vase solutions significantly increased relative fresh weight, water uptake and vase life of cut flowers in comparison to control. Relative fresh weight of treated cut flowers with Si (5 mM) was higher than other treatments during all days of experiment and this treatment increased relative fresh weight and total water uptake by 16 and 27% compared to control (day 7 of experiment). Silicon (5 mM) also increased fresh weight of control flower (without stem) from 0.185 to 0.259 g (40% increases). The highest dry weight of flower (0.057 g) was obtained from 300 mg. L-1AA, by 32% increases when compared to control flower. Application of Si (5 mM) extended vase life of cut flowers by 2.66 day in comparison to control. According to the results of this experiment, Si, Et, AA and CA as safe and cheap compounds are suitable for extending the vase life of N. tazetta cut flowers.
هدف اصلی این مطالعه بررسی اثر سیلیسیوم (Si)، اتانول (Et) اسید‌اسکوربیک (AA) و اسید‌سیتریک (CA) بر عمر گلجایی گل نرگس شیراز رقم شهلا (Narcissus tazetta L. cv. ‘Shahla’) بود. بدین منظور، آزمایشی در قالب طرح کاملاّ تصادفی شامل سیلیسیوم (0، 5، 10 و 20 میلی‌مولار)، اتانول (2 و 4%)، اسیدآسکوربیک (100، 200 و 300 میلی‌گرم در لیتر)، اسید‌سیتریک (100، 200 و 300 میلی‌گرم در لیتر) و شاهد (آب مقطر) با سه تکرار و 3 قرائت (شاخه گل) در هر تکرار انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که اضافه کردن مواد نگه‌دارنده به محلول گلجایی به طور معنی‌داری وزن تر نسبی، جذب آب و عمرگلجایی گل‌های شاخه بریده را در مقایسه با گل‌های شاهد افزایش داد. وزن تر نسبی شاخه‌های گل تیمار شده با سیلیسیوم (5 میلی‌مولار) در تمام روزهای آزمایش بالاتر از سایر تیمارها و شاهد بود و استفاده از این تیمار، وزن تر نسبی و جذب کل آب را به میزان 16 و 27 درصد نسبت به شاخه‌های گل شاهد افزایش داد (روز 7 آزمایش). سیلیسیوم (5 میلی‌مولار) همچنین وزن تر گل‌های شاهد (بدون ساقه) را از 185/0 به 259/0 گرم افزایش داد (40٪ افزایش). بالاترین وزن خشک گل (057/0 گرم) از تیمار اسیدآسکوربیک 300 میلی‌گرم در لیتر حاصل شد که در مقایسه با گل‌های شاهد 32 درصد افزایش داشت. کاربرد سیلیسیوم (5 میلی‌مولار) عمر گلجایی گل‌های شاخه بریده را 66/2 روز نسبت به گل‌های شاهد افزایش داد. با توجه به نتایج حاصل از این آزمایش، استفاده از سیلیسیوم، اتانول، اسیدآسکوربیک و اسید سیتریک به عنوان ترکیبات ایمن و ارزان برای افزایش عمر گلجایی گل بریده نرگس (N. tazetta) مناسب هستند.
Alaey, M., Babalar, M., Naderi, R. and Kafi, M. 2011. Effect of pre- and postharvest salicylic acid treatment on physio-chemical attributes in relation to vase-life of rose cut flowers. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 61(1): 91-94.
Baker, J.E., Lieberman, M. and Anderson, J.D. 1978. Inhibition of ethylene production in fruit slices by rhizobitoxine analogs and free radical scavengers. Plant Physiology, 61: 886–888.
Balestra, G.M., Agostini, R., Bellincontro, A., Mencarelli, F. and Varvaro, L. 2005. Bacterial populations related to gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii L.) stem break. Phytopathologia Mediterranea, 44: 291–299.
Bayat, H., Azizi, M., Shoor, M. and Mardani, H.2011. Effect of ethanol and essential oils on extending vaselife of carnation cut flower (Dianthus caryophyllus cv. ‘Yellow Candy’). Notulae Scientia Biologicae, 3(4): 100-104.
Borochov, A., Spiegelstein, H. and Porat, R. 1995. Membrane lipids involved in the regulation of flower senescence. Acta Horticulturae, 405: 240-245.
Carrol, Η. V., Longley, R. W. and Roe, J. Η. 1956. The determination of glycogen in liver and muscle by use of anthrone reagent. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 220 (2): 583-593.
Chen, H. C., Chi, H. S. and Lin, L. Y. 2013. Headspace solid-phase micro extraction analysis of volatile components in Narcissus tazetta var. Chinensis Roem. Molecules, 18: 13723-13734.
Coats, A.M. 1971. Flowers and their histories. Tata Mc Graw Hill, London.
Dole, J.M. and Wilkins, H.F. 2005. Floriculture principles and species. Prentice-Hall Inc. New Jersey. 613p.
Epstein, E. 1994. The anomaly of silicon in plant biology. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 91:11-17.
Farokhzad, A., Khalighi, A., Mostofi, Y. and Naderi, R. 2005. Role of ethanol in the vase life and ethylene production in cut lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum Mariachii. cv. Blue) flowers. Journal of Agriculture and Social Sciences, 1: 309-312.
Gill, S.S. and Tuteja, N. 2010. Reactive oxygen species and antioxidant machinery in abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 48: 909–930.
Hanks, G. R. 1993. Narcissus. p. 463-558. In: A. De Herthogh and M. Le Nard (eds.), The Physiology of Flower Bulb, Elsevier, Amsterdam.
Hasanpour Asil, M. and Hasani, M.R. 2012. Effects of various chemical compounds on vase life of cut gladiolus flower. Horticultural Science (Agricultural Science and Technology). 2: 132-140.
Hunter, D. A., Ferrante, A., Vernieri, P. and Reid, M. S. 2004. Role of abscisic acid in perianth senescence of daffodil (Narcissus pseudonarcissus “Dutch Master”). Physiologia Plantarum, 121: 313-321.
Ichimura, G. and Goto, R. 2002. Extension of vase life of cut Narcissus tazetta var. Chinensis flowers by combined treatment with STS and gibberellin GA3. Journal of the Japanese Society for Horticultural Science, 71: 226-230.
Imsabai, W., Leethiti, P., Netlak, P. and van Doorn, W.G. 2013. Petal blackening and lack of bud opening in cut lotus flowers (Nelumbo nucifera): Role of adverse water relations. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 79: 32-38.
Jamali, B. and Rahemi, M. 2011.Carnation flowers senescence as influenced by nickel, cobalt and silicon. Journal of Biological & Environmental Sciences, 5(15): 147-152.
Kazemi, M. 2012. Effect of cobalt, silicon, acetylsalicylic acid and sucrose as novel agents to improve vase life of Argyranthemum flowers. Trends in applied Sciences Research, 7: 1-6.
Kazemi, M., Gholami, M. and Bahmanipour, F. 2012. Effect of silicon and acetylsalicylic acid on antioxidant activity, membrane stability and ACC-oxidase activity in relation to vase life of carnation cut flowers. Biotechnology, 11: 87-90.
Liao, W.B., Zhang, M.L., Huang, G. B. and Yu, J.H. 2012. Hydrogen peroxide in the vase solution increases vase life and keeping quality of cut Oriental × Trumpet hybrid lily ‘Manissa’. Scientia Horticulturae, 139: 32-38.
Mansouri, H. 2012. Salicylic acid and sodium nitroprusside improve postharvest life of chrysanthemums. Scientia Horticulturae, 145: 29-33.
Petridou, M., Voyiatzi, C. and Voyiatzis, D. 2001. Methanol, ethanol and other compounds retard leaf senescence and improve the vase life and quality of cut chrysanthemum flowers. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 23: 79-83.
Rattanawisalanon, C., Ketsa, S. and van Doorn, W. G. 2003. Effect of aminooxyacetic acid and sugars on the vase life of Dendrobium flowers. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 29: 93-100.
Rogers, H. J. 2006. Programmed cell death in floral organs: How and why do flowers die? Annals of Botany, 97: 309-315.
Sairam, R. K., Rao, K. V. and Srivastava, G. C. 2002. Differential response of wheat genotypes to long term salinity stress in relation to oxidative stress, antioxidant activity and osmolyte concentration. Plant Science, 163: 1037-1046.
Shahri, W. and Tahir, I. 2011. Flower senescence-strategies and some associated events. Botanical Review, 77: 152-184.
Sheikh, F., Neamati, S. H., Vahdati, N. and Dolatkhahi, A. 2014. Study on effects of ascorbic acid and citric acid on vase life of cut lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum ‘MariachiBlue’). Journal of Ornamental Plants, 4: 57-64.
Vahdati Mashhadian, N., Tehranifar, A., Bayat, H. and Selahvarzi, Y. 2012. Salicylic and citric acid treatments improve the vase life of cut chrysanthemum flowers. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 14: 879-887.
van Doorn, W. G. 1998. Effects of daffodil flowers on the water relations and vase life of roses and tulips. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 123: 146-149.
van Doorn, W. G., Zagory, D., Witte, Y. D. and Harkema, H. 1994. Effect of vase-water bacteria on the senescence of cut carnation flowers. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 1:161-168.
van Dort, H. M., Jagers, P.P., ter Heide, R. and van der Weerdt, A. J. A. 1993. Narcissus trevithian and Narcissus geranium. Analysis and synthesis of compounds. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 41: 2063–2075.
Wu, M. J., Zacarias, L., Saltveit, M. E. and Reid, M. S. 1992. Alcohols and carnation senescence. Horticultural Science, 27:136-138.
Zencirkiran, M. 2005. Effect of sucrose and silver thiosulphate pulsing on stem-base cracking and vase life in Leucojum aestivum L. flowers. The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, 80 (3): 332-334.
Zencirkiran, M. 2010. Effect of 1-MCP (1- methylcyclopropene) and STS (silver thiosulphate) on the vase life of cut freesia flowers. Scientific Research and Essays, 5 (17): 2409-2412.
Zhang, H., Hu, S.L., Zhang, Z.J., Hu, L.Y., Jiang, C.X., Wei, Z.J., Liu, J., Wang, H. L. and Jiang, S. T. 2011. Hydrogen sulfide acts as a regulator of flower senescence in plants. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 60: 251-257.
