تحلیل شاخص‌های کمی و کیفی مسکن در شهر ارومیه
محورهای موضوعی : مطالعات برنامه ریزی شهری و منطقه ای
اسماعیل صفرعلی زاده
1
(استادیار گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران)
کلید واژه: " شاخص‌های مسکن", " تحلیل لکه‌های داغ", " تکنیک خود همبستگی فضایی", " شهر ارومیه",
چکیده مقاله :
امروزه مسکن نه تنها به عنوان سرپناه نیازهای سکونتی انسان را تأمین می‌کند بلکه به عنوان محلی است که بخش عمده‌ای از نیازهای اجتماعی و اقتصادی و فرهنگی جمعیت در واحدهای مسکونی شکل گرفته و تأمین می‌شود. اما دستیابی به مسکن مناسب با توجه به رشد سریع جمعیت و افزایش هزینه‌های خانوار یکی از مهمترین مسائل جوامع امروزی است به طوری که با رشد روزافزون شهرهای بزرگ، اسکان غیررسمی و مساکن نامناسب در اغلب مناطق شهری چشم‌انداز غیرقابل انکاری را به وجود آورده است. بنابراین هدف پژوهش حاضر، مطالعه شاخص‌های کمی و کیفی مسکن در سطح بلوک‌های آماری است. پژوهش از نوع کاربردی است و اطلاعات مورد نیاز از سرشماری عمومی نفوس و مسکن در محدوده بلوک‌های آماری(7096 بلوک) برای سال های 1390 تهیه شده و تعداد 17 شاخص انتخاب و با تکنیک تحلیل عاملی ارزیابی که نتیجه آن 4 عامل تأثیرگذار بود. نتایج تحلیل داده‌ها، به نرم افزار Arc GIS10.3 انتقال یافته و برای بررسی وضعیت بلوک‌های آماری به لحاظ برخورداری از شاخص‌های مسکن از تحلیل لکه‌های داغ و برای شناسایی الگوی توزیع شاخص‌ها، از تکنیک خود همبستگی فضایی استفاده شده است. نتایج عامل ترکیبی نشان می‌دهد که 31درصد بلوک‌ها خیلی ضعیف، 30 درصد متوسط، 28 درصد در وضعیت خیلی خوب قرار گرفته‌اند. بر اساس تحلیل خودهمبستگی آماره موران، الگوی توزیع شاخص‌های مسکن شهری ارومیه به صورت خوشه‌ای تصادفی می‌باشد.
Today, housing not only serves as shelter for human settlements, but also as a place where most of the social, economic, and cultural needs of the population are formed and provided in residential units. But access to affordable housing is one of the most important issues in today's societies due to the rapid growth of the population and the increase in household expenses, So that With the growing of large cities, informal settlements and inappropriate housing in most urban areas have created an irrefutable perspective. Therefore, the aim of this study is to study the quantitative and qualitative indices of housing in the level of statistical blocks. The research is applied and the required information from the general census of population and housing in the range of statistical blocks (7096 blocks) for 2011 was prepared and 17 indicators were selected and evaluated by a factor analysis technique that resulted in 4 effective factors. The results of data analysis were transferred to Arc GIS10.3 software and to investigate the status of statistical blocks in terms of availability of housing indices, hot spots analysis was applied and spatial correlation technique was used to identify the distribution pattern of indicators. The results of combined factor analyze show that 31% of the blocks are very poor, 30% average, 28% are in very good condition. Based on Moran’s correlation analysis, oroumieh urban housing indices distribution pattern is a randomized cluster.
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