تحلیلی بر وضعیت منابع درآمدی شهردای ها با تاکید بر درآمدهای پایدار (مطالعه موردی: شهر قم)
محورهای موضوعی : مطالعات برنامه ریزی شهری و منطقه ای
مهران حاجیلو
1
(دانشجوی دکتری، جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران)
محمد میره ای
2
(استادیار، مدیریت شهری، دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران)
مهدی پیله ور
3
(دانشجوی دکتری، جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه فردوسی، مشهد، ایران)
کلید واژه: درآمدهای پایدار, منابع مالی شهرداری ها, مالیات و عوارض شهری, شهرداری قم,
چکیده مقاله :
فقدان نگرش جامع به منابع درآمدی شهرداری ها در قالب نظام کلان اقتصادی کشور، تغییرات و مداخلات موردی، اجرا سیاست خوداتکایی و خودکفائی شهرداری‌ها، بخش درآمدی شهرداری‌ها را در وضعیت ناپایداری قرار داده است، به‌نحوی‌که ادامه این وضعیت تبعات نامطلوب و هزینه‌های اجتماعی، فرهنگی و زیرساختی را برای شهر و مدیریت شهری به دنبال خواهد داشت. بررسی و تحلیل درآمدهای کلان شهرها می تواند الگوی مناسبی برای اصلاح و تدوین ساختار درآمدی شهرداری ها مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. در همین رابطه این پژوهش با هدف مطالعه و شناخت منابع مالی و درآمدی شهرداری قم طی سال های 1386 تا 1392 انجام شده است. نوع تحقیق در این پژوهش کاربردی و روش بررسی آن توصیفی-تحلیلی است. گردآوری اطلاعات هم به صورت کتابخانه ای و هم میدانی و مصاحبه با رئیس گروه مطالعات درآمد شهرداری قم صورت گرفته است. نتایج به‌دست‌آمده نشان می‌دهد که درآمدهای شهرداری قم در طی سالیان اخیر به‌شدت ناپایدار بوده و بیشتر وابسته به درآمدهای حاصل از فروش اموال بوده است. این منابع درآمدی که درواقع جزو منابع ملی و ثروت شهروندان محسوب می‌شود می‌تواند با اجاره‌داری یا اجرای طرح‌های سرمایه‌گذاری به درآمدهای پایدار برای شهرداری بدل شوند. با توجه به نقش گردشگری مذهبی شهر قم پیشنهاد می‌شود که شهرداری قم با مشارکت بخش خصوصی بر اجرای طرح‌های درآمدزای تجاری و تفریحی در شهر قم مبادرت کند. از طرفی توریسم درمانی باوجود ارزانی خدمات ارائه‌شده به بیماران، اسکان طولانی‌مدت توریست‌ها در استان به‌منظور تکمیل دوره درمان خود، می تواند درآمد قابل‌توجهی عاید اقتصاد شهری و شهرداری کند.
Lack of a comprehensive approach to municipalities’ revenue sources in the form of macro-economic system, changes and interventions, self-reliance and self-sufficiency policy enforcements for municipalities have put financial sector of municipalities in unsustainable situation. Continuation of this situation will have undesirable consequences and social costs for cities and urban management. Review of metropolitan revenues can be used as a pattern for reform and of municipalities’ financial structure. This applied study has a descriptive- analytical method. Data collection was carried out by documentary and field survey and the data was collected by studying written sources, statistic and incomes and costs of Qom municipality during 2007-2013 as well as interview with Head of Income Studies of Qom municipality. The results show that revenues of Qom municipality during last years have been highly unsustainable and dependent on revenues from sale of properties. These revenue sources that is considered as a part of national sources and citizens’ wealth can be turn sustainable sources for the municipality by tenure or implementation of investment plans. Given the role of religious tourism in Qom, it is recommended that Qom municipality implements commercial and recreational projects in partnership with private sector it is recommended that Qom municipality in partnership with the private sector implement income-generating projects such as commercial and recreational projects. On the other hand, medical tourism despite low cost services delivered to patients, long-term accommodation in city in order to completion their course of treatment can be have significant income for urban economy and the municipality.
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