تعیین و بهبود محدوده‌های بالقوه وقوع جرم د توسط رهیافت "جلوگیری از جرائم از طریق طراحی محیطی" (مطالعه موردی: محله همت‌آباد شهر اصفهان)
محورهای موضوعی : مطالعات برنامه ریزی شهری و منطقه ای
1 - استادیار گروه شهرسازی، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه هنر اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران
کلید واژه: امنیت, پیشگیری از جرم, اسکان غیررسمی, محله همت آباد اصفهان, رهیافت "جلوگیری از جرایم شهری با استفاده از طراحی محیطی",
چکیده مقاله :
هدف این تحقیق بررسی و تحلیل محله همت‌آباد از منظر اصول رهیافت "جلوگیری از جرائم شهری با استفاده از طراحی محیطی" جهت شناسایی نقاط بالقوه برای وقوع جرم، و ارائه پیشنهادهایی در جهت ارتقای امنیت این محله به‌صورت خاص (پیلوت عملی رهیافت) بر اساس جنبه مکانی بخشیدن به اصول رهیافت "جلوگیری از جرائم شهری با استفاده از طراحی محیطی" می‌باشد. برای دستیابی به این هدف از روش تحقیق توصیفی- تحلیلی از نوع موردکاوانه (محله همت‌آباد) استفاده گردید و برای جمع‌آوری داده‌ها از مطالعه کتابخانه‌ای و میدانی (مشاهده‌ای و پرسشنامه‌ای) و برای تحلیل داده‌های جمع‌آوری شده، از سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی (GIS) و نرم‌افزارهای SPSS و Expert Choice کمک گرفته شد. نتایج حاکی از آن است که اولاً از منظر رهیافت "جلوگیری از جرائم شهری با استفاده از طراحی محیطی" (شامل اصل "تقویت نظارت طبیعی" با 4 سنجه، اصل "قابلیت کنترل دسترسی‌ها" با 3 سنجه، اصل "تقویت قلمروهای طبیعی" با 5 سنجه، اصل "حفظ و نگهداری از محیط" با یک سنجه و اصل "حمایت از فعالیت-های اجتماعی سالم" با 2 سنجه)، محله همت‌آباد دارای نقاط بالقوه بسیاری برای وقوع جرم است و ثانیاً در مجموع بر اساس سنجه‌های رهیافت "جلوگیری از جرائم شهری با استفاده از طراحی محیطی" بیشترینِ این نقاط بالقوه برای وقوع جرم، ، در بدنه و حاشیه محله همت‌آباد اصفهان، و نه در مرکز این محله، قرار دارند و این موضوع به‌ویژه به دلیل کمبود قابلیت نظارت طبیعی، فعالیت‌های اجتماعی به‌هنجار و حفاظت و نگهداری از محیط در این محدوده‌ها است.
The aim of this research is to apply Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (CPTED) approach for security improvement of Hematabad district in Isfahan as the case study. To achieve this goal, we used documentary and surveying methods for data gathering and geographic information system (GIS), SPSS and expert choice software for data analysis and overlaying. Results indicate that Hematabad district have a lot of potential point for crime in term of CPTED approach and in terms of the principles of CPTED approach (Consists of "enhancing natural surveillance", "enhancing natural access control", "Territorial reinforcement", "Protection and maintenance of environment" and "community-based activity support"). Also, the results show overall, according to the measures of the CPTED, most of these potential points for the occurrence of crime are located in the piriphery the Hemmat Abad district in Isfahan, not in the center of the district. This is especially due to the lack of "natural surveillance capabilities", "community-based activities" and the "protection and maintenance of the environment" in these areas.
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