بررسی عدالت در سلامت با هدف دستیابی به دسترسی یکسان شهروندان به مراکز بهداشتی- درمانی (مطالعه موردی: شهر اردبیل)

محورهای موضوعی : مطالعات برنامه ریزی شهری و منطقه ای

فرهاد برندک ¹ (دانش آموخته‌ کارشناسی ارشد، جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه پبام نور، رشت، ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1394/08/17 تاریخ پذیرش : 1396/04/17 تاریخ انتشار : 1396/12/01

کلید واژه: سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی, تحلیل پوششی داده ها, شهر اردبیل, مراکز بهداشتی و درمانی, عدالت در سلامت,

چکیده مقاله :

توزیع عادلانه امکانات و تسهیلات بهداشتی درمانی یکی از اصلی‌ترین پیش‌نیازهای افزایش سطح بهره‌مندی جامعه از شاخص سلامت عمومی می‌باشد. لذا، دسترسی عادلانه به خدمات بهداشتی-درمانی برای همه مردم در یک جامعه، موجب ارتقاء سطح سلامت و ایجاد فرصت‌ برابر در آن جامعه می‌شود. هدف از این مطالعه (با روش توصیفی و تحلیلی)، ارزیابی عدالت در سلامت با ارزیابی دسترسی مردم به مراکز بهداشتی-درمانی شهر اردبیل با استفاده از سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی (GIS) و تکنیک CCR است. تحلیل پوششی داده‌ها از جمله ابزارهای مفید در درک محیط تصمیم‌گیری با پردازش اطلاعات اولیه می‌باشد. از این رو، با استفاده از GIS، شاخص‌های فضایی تهیه گردید. سپس، با بهره‌گیری از شاخص‌های فضایی در ساختار مدل خروجی مبنای CCR، کیفیت دسترسی شهروندان به مراکز بهداشتی- درمانی ارزیابی شد. مطابق با نتایج بدست آمده، میانگین کارایی هسته‌های شهری اردبیل 0.45 می‌باشد. از میان هسته‌های شهری اردبیل، فقط 3 هسته شهری که شامل محدوده‌ای بین میدان شهدا، شریعتی و 15 خرداد، محلات استاد شهریار، آزادگان و باغ قره‌پاچه و همچنین محدوده‌ی اطراف دریاچه شورابیل می‌باشد، دارای کارایی کامل می‌باشند. در تقسیم بندی کارایی در 3 قالب کارا(1=µ)، قابل قبول(0.7≤µ) و غیرقابل قبول(0.7≥µ)؛ از مجموع مساحت 6031 هکتاری و 421069 نفری هسته های شهری، مساحتی در حدود 1000هکتار با تحت پوشش داشتن 30 هزار ساکن در موقعیت کریدوری مرکزی- جنوبی با طول 6.5 کیلومتر، دارای کارایی کامل و قابل قبول می باشند.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Equality in distribution of health facilities is one of the main indicators for increasing the availability of the general health index to the society. So, equitable access to health services for all people in a community leads to promoting the health and equal opportunities in the society. The aim of this study is the evaluation of equity in health by assessing people's access to health centers using the Geographic Information System (GIS) and data envelopment analysis (DEA) in Ardebil (with Descriptive and analytical Methods). DEA is one of the useful tools in understanding decision-making milieu, with the primary information processing. Thus, with taking advantage of the GIS the spatial index was provided. Hence, the access quality of the ARDEBIL citizen's to health centers by using of the spatial indicators in the structure of CCR-O model was evaluated. According to the results, the average efficiency of the urban core is the 0.45. Among the urban cores of Ardebil, only three urban cores have the perfect efficiency (Including a range of Shohada Square, Sharyati and 15 Khordad, and Shahriyar neighborhoods, Azadegan and the Garapache garden and the area around Shorabil). In Division of the efficiency to 3 categories in format of Quite efficient (1 = μ), acceptable (0.7≤μ) and unacceptable (0.7≥μ), areas in about 1,000 hectares with a 30 thousand residents of South-Central corridor position with over 6.5 km have the perfect and acceptable efficiency; of the total area of 6031 hectares and 421069 spectators of urban cores.

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