نقش مقاوم‌سازی مسکن روستایی در زیست پذیری روستاها (مطالعه موردی: دهستان مهروئیه)
محورهای موضوعی : مطالعات برنامه ریزی شهری و منطقه ایعبدالرضا رکن‌الدین افتخاری 1 , حبیب لطفی مهروئیه 2 , مهدی پورطاهری 3 , رضا طالبی فرد 4
1 - استاد گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران
2 - دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، سیستان و بلوچستان، ایران
3 - دانشیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران
4 - دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران
کلید واژه: مسکن روستایی, مقاوم‌سازی, زیست پذیری, دهستان مهروئیه,
چکیده مقاله :
زیست پذیری به مجموعه‌ای از شرایط موردنیاز جهت زندگی مناسب افراد در یک محدوده معین اطلاق می‌شود که موجبات آسایش، رفاه و رضایت ساکنانش را برای مدت‌زمان طولانی فراهم می‌سازد.یکی از بسترها و زمینه‌ها در حوزه زیست پذیری، مسکن می‌باشد؛ مسکنی که باید مکانی سالم را برای یک شیوه زندگی هدفمند و مولد افراد به وجود بیاورد. در این میان مساکن روستایی، تجلی گاه شیوه های زیستی، معیشتی و نهایتاً نیروها و عوامل مؤثر محیطی و روندهای اجتماعی- اقتصادی تأثیرگذار در شکل بخشی به آن ها است.پژوهش حاضر به دنبال تحلیل نقش مقاوم‌سازی مسکن در زیست پذیری روستاها می‌باشد. روش تحقیق در این پژوهش توصیفی- تحلیلی است. محدوده موردمطالعه، روستاهای مهروئیه پایین، مقرب، بلوچ‌آباد، تلمبه عشایری محمدی سرلک و گلدسته از توابع دهستان مهروئیه واقع در بخش مرکزی شهرستان فاریاب، استان کرمان می‌باشد و تعداد 251 خانوار با استفاده از فرمول کوکران به‌عنوان نمونه انتخاب شده‌اند. نتایج حاصل از این پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که مقاوم‌سازی سبب ارتقاء زیست پذیری دهستان مهروئیه شده است و تأثیراتی همچون افزایش تمایل به ماندگاری در روستا و جلوگیری از مهاجرت به شهرها، احداث مسکن مهندسی ساز با متراژهای محدود برای خانوارهای روستایی، ایجاد آرامش روحی روانی، ارتقاء سطح اجتماعی، ارتقاء امنیت جانی در زمان حوادث غیرقابل‌پیش‌بینی از جمله زلزله را در پی داشته است. علاوه بر آن، امکان افزایش ارزش‌افزوده دارایی شخصی روستاییان، امکان افزایش هم‌دلی و رشد استعدادهای اعضای خانواده‌ها، رضایت‌مندی روستاییان، ایجاد اشتغال برای افراد ساکن در روستا، تغییر چهره روستا از بافت فرسوده به معماری نوین و ... ازجمله دیگر موارد است.
Livability is defined as a set of conditions for people living in a given area that are the cause of peace, prosperity and satisfaction for a long time, providing its residents. One condition in livability is housing that should be a safe place for purposeful and productive individual lifestyle. Rural housing is sometimes manifested in the way of living, livelihood, and ultimately as the forces and factors affecting environmental and social - economic trends. This research is a descriptive-analytic study. Study is conducted in Mehrooyeh village, BaluchAbad, Nomadic pump Mohammadi Sarlak, Village Goldasteh On the Suburban the central part Mehrooyeh one of districts of Mehrooyeh in the Kerman, Iran. Sample size is 251 households that were selected with the use of Cochran formula. From the results, it can be assumed that retrofitting has improved the livability in Mehrooyeh district. And the effects like increasing the tendency to remain in the village and prevent migration to cities, the construction of engineered housing with limited sizes for rural households, mental relaxation, social promotion, and the promotion of safety in times of unpredictable events such as earthquakes can be mentioned as the results of retrofitting. In addition, increase of the added value of the personal property of the villagers, the ability to demonstrate the talents of family members, increase of villagers’ satisfaction, creating jobs for people living in the village, and the transformation of village’s face to modern architecture can be highlighted as the other results.
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Leby, J, L., & Hashim, A, H. (2010). Liveability Dimensions and Attributes: Their Relative Importance in the Eyes of Neighborhood Residents. Journal of Construction in Developing Countries, 15 (1), 67-91.
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Majedi, S.M, Lahsaie Zadeh, A. (2006). Investigating the Relationship between Land Variables, Social Capital and Satisfaction with Quality of Life: A Case Study in Fars Villages. Journal of Rural and Development, 9 (4), 91-135.(In Persian)
Moini, M. (2008). Study of the formation of housing in nomadic refreshments. Magazine Fine Arts, Tehran.(In Persian)
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Parishan, m. (2011). Reduction of natural hazards vulnerability (earthquake) using risk management approach (case study: rural areas of Qazvin province), Ph.D. Treatise in Geography and Rural Planning, Tarbiat Modares University,Tehran. (In Persian)
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Red, C. (2001). Word Disaster Report, Red Crescent Publication.
Saghafi, M. J. (2005). Pathology of Building, Damage Caused by Implementation and Supervision in Damaged Buildings from the Bam Earthquake in 2003. Magazine Fine Arts, 9, 43-52.(In Persian)
Samaddar, S., & Okada, N. (2006). Participatory Approach for Post- Earthquake Reconstruction in the Villages of Kachehh, India, annuals of Disaster. Prev. Res. Inst., Kyoto Univercity, No. 49 B.
UNDP. (1979). Disaster mitigation Disaster management training program. Office of the united nationsdisaster relief coordinator.
Wheeler, S. M. (2001). Livable communities: Creating safe and livable neighborhoods, towns and regions in California, (Working Paper 2001–2004). Berkeley: Institute of Urban and Regional Development, University of California. http://www.iurd.ced.berkeley.edu/pub/wp-2001-04.
Yasuri, M., Emami, S. F. (2014). Role of Mortgage in Raising Housing in Rural Settlements in Guilan Province. Journal of Human Settlement Planning Studies, 29, 31-46.(In Persian)
_||_Bandarabad, A.R. (2010). TheLivability city from basics to meanings. Azarakhsh Publications, Tehran, Iran.(In Persian)
Fattahi, A. A. (2010). Measurement of quality of life in rural areas (case study of central part of Delfan city), Ph.D. Treatise in Geography and Rural Planning, Tarbiat Modares University,Tehran. (In Persian)
GTZ. (2002). Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit, Disaster Risk Management Working Concept", http://www.gtz.de.
Khorasani, M. A. (2013). Explanation of Resilience of Urban Villages with Quality of Life Approach (Case Study of Varamin County), Ph.D. Treatise in Geography and Rural Planning,Tehran University,Tehran.(In Persian)
Leby, J, L., & Hashim, A, H. (2010). Liveability Dimensions and Attributes: Their Relative Importance in the Eyes of Neighborhood Residents. Journal of Construction in Developing Countries, 15 (1), 67-91.
Mahdian, F. (2007). The vulnerability of Tehran's buildings against earthquakes and how to reduce vulnerability, Proceedings of the first construction seminar in the capital, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran.(In Persian)
Majedi, S.M, Lahsaie Zadeh, A. (2006). Investigating the Relationship between Land Variables, Social Capital and Satisfaction with Quality of Life: A Case Study in Fars Villages. Journal of Rural and Development, 9 (4), 91-135.(In Persian)
Moini, M. (2008). Study of the formation of housing in nomadic refreshments. Magazine Fine Arts, Tehran.(In Persian)
Norris, T., Pittman, M. (2000). The health community’s movement and the coalition for healthier cities and communities. Public Health Reports 115, pp 118-124.
Oxford Advance Learner Dictionary. (2005). Oxford University Press, Seventh edition.
Parishan, m. (2011). Reduction of natural hazards vulnerability (earthquake) using risk management approach (case study: rural areas of Qazvin province), Ph.D. Treatise in Geography and Rural Planning, Tarbiat Modares University,Tehran. (In Persian)
Perogordo, M., D. (2007). The Silesia Megapolis, European Spatial Planning.
Red, C. (2001). Word Disaster Report, Red Crescent Publication.
Saghafi, M. J. (2005). Pathology of Building, Damage Caused by Implementation and Supervision in Damaged Buildings from the Bam Earthquake in 2003. Magazine Fine Arts, 9, 43-52.(In Persian)
Samaddar, S., & Okada, N. (2006). Participatory Approach for Post- Earthquake Reconstruction in the Villages of Kachehh, India, annuals of Disaster. Prev. Res. Inst., Kyoto Univercity, No. 49 B.
UNDP. (1979). Disaster mitigation Disaster management training program. Office of the united nationsdisaster relief coordinator.
Wheeler, S. M. (2001). Livable communities: Creating safe and livable neighborhoods, towns and regions in California, (Working Paper 2001–2004). Berkeley: Institute of Urban and Regional Development, University of California. http://www.iurd.ced.berkeley.edu/pub/wp-2001-04.
Yasuri, M., Emami, S. F. (2014). Role of Mortgage in Raising Housing in Rural Settlements in Guilan Province. Journal of Human Settlement Planning Studies, 29, 31-46.(In Persian)
