Exploring Growth Responses and Performance of Endemic Iranian Narcissus Genotypes

محورهای موضوعی : Plant Physiology

Sahar Mirzaei ¹ , Mehrangiz Chehrazi ² , Hossein Zeinalzadeh-Tabrizi ³

1 - Assistant Professor, Ornamental Plants Research Center, Horticultural Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Mahallat, Iran.
2 - Horticultural division, Chamran university, Ahvaz, Iran.
3 - Department of Horticulture and Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan

تاریخ دریافت : 1402/11/07 تاریخ پذیرش : 1402/12/14 تاریخ انتشار : 1403/05/15

کلید واژه: bulb, climate, daffodil, endemic, morphology, Narcissus ,

چکیده مقاله :

Narcissus, a prominent perennial ornamental bulbous plant, serves both aesthetic and practical purposes as a cut flower. This study aimed to assess the impact of climatic conditions on flower yield in native narcissus populations in Ahvaz. The experiment was designed as a randomized complete block with three replications, conducted between 2020 and 2022 at Chamran University's research farm in Ahvaz, Iran. Native narcissus genotypes collected from diverse regions of the country were cultivated and subjected to a comprehensive evaluation of morphological indices. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) underscored significant differences in all morphological parameters at a 1% probability level, showcasing the diversity among the genotypes. Phenotypic correlations unveiled robust positive associations between most traits, underscoring their interdependence. Principal component and cluster analyses offered a holistic perspective on the dataset. The first three principal components encapsulated 87.15% of the total variability, with the primary component (PC1) spotlighting the most influential traits driving genotype divergence. Cluster analysis delineated the eleven genotypes into three distinct clusters, indicative of notable variations in morphological attributes among the genotypes. This study furnishes valuable insights into the intricate relationships between diverse traits and flower numbers in daffodil genotypes, providing a foundation for informed breeding decisions. Comprehending the complex interplay of these traits through correlation and multivariate analyses is pivotal for advancing daffodil breeding programs and enhancing multiplication capacity. These findings not only inform daffodil breeding initiatives in Iran but also lay a groundwork for similar studies in other plant species.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Narcissus, a prominent perennial ornamental bulbous plant, serves both aesthetic and practical purposes as a cut flower. This study aimed to assess the impact of climatic conditions on flower yield in native narcissus populations in Ahvaz. The experiment was designed as a randomized complete block with three replications, conducted between 2020 and 2022 at Chamran University's research farm in Ahvaz, Iran. Native narcissus genotypes collected from diverse regions of the country were cultivated and subjected to a comprehensive evaluation of morphological indices. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) underscored significant differences in all morphological parameters at a 1% probability level, showcasing the diversity among the genotypes. Phenotypic correlations unveiled robust positive associations between most traits, underscoring their interdependence. Principal component and cluster analyses offered a holistic perspective on the dataset. The first three principal components encapsulated 87.15% of the total variability, with the primary component (PC1) spotlighting the most influential traits driving genotype divergence. Cluster analysis delineated the eleven genotypes into three distinct clusters, indicative of notable variations in morphological attributes among the genotypes. This study furnishes valuable insights into the intricate relationships between diverse traits and flower numbers in daffodil genotypes, providing a foundation for informed breeding decisions. Comprehending the complex interplay of these traits through correlation and multivariate analyses is pivotal for advancing daffodil breeding programs and enhancing multiplication capacity. These findings not only inform daffodil breeding initiatives in Iran but also lay a groundwork for similar studies in other plant species.

منابع و مأخذ:

AL-Fatlawi, K.A.I., M. Y. I. AL-Bayati and M.A. Lateef, 2022. Control of Some Environmental Conditions and Their Effects on the Narcissus Spp.: A Subject Review. European Journal of Research Development and Sustainability. 3(1): 88-91.
Babarabie, M., H. Zarei, M. Dabbagh, A. Danyaei and S. Badeli, 2018. Effect of various planting substrates on morphological and chlorophyll traits of Narcissus plant. Journal of Chemical Health Risks. 8(3).
Bhatia, R., S. Dey and R. Kumar, 2017. Genetic divergence studies in tulip (Tulipa gesneriana L.). Indian Journal of Horticulture. 74(4): 562-567.
Bhatia, R., M. Dhiman, P. Chander and S. Dey, 2013. Genetic variability and character association in tulip (Tulipa gesneriana) for various quantitative traits. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 83(7): 773-780.
Breiterová, K., D. Koutová, J. Maříková, R. Havelek, J. Kuneš, M. Majorošová, L. Opletal, A. Hošťálková, J. Jenčo and M. Řezáčová, 2020. Amaryllidaceae alkaloids of different structural types from Narcissus L. cv. Professor Einstein and their cytotoxic activity. Plants. 9(2): 137.
Demir, S. and F. G. Çelikel, 2019. Effects of plant growth regulators on the plant height and quantitative properties of Narcissus tazetta. Turkish journal of agriculture and forestry. 43(1): 105-114.
Dhiman, M., S. Kumar, C. Parkash, N. Gautam and R. Singh, 2019. Genetic diversity and principal component analysis based on vegetative, floral and bulbous traits in narcissus (Narcissus pseudonarcissus L.). Int J Chem Stud. 7: 724-729.
Ghahraman, A. 2019. Basic Botany. Tehran, Iran, Tehran University Publication.
Gul, F., W. Shahri and I. Tahir, 2018. Morphological and some biochemical aspects of flower development and senescence in Narcissus poeticus cv. Pheasant’s Eye. Int. J. Adv. Res. Sci. Eng. Technol. 7: 1745-1752.
Gul, F., I. Tahir and W. Shahri, 2015. Flower development and senescence in ‘Kashmir Local’. Folia Horticulturae. 27(2): 115-121.
IBM Corporation, 2016. SPSS for Windows, version 24, IBM Corp Armonk (NY).
IRRI, 2013. Statistical Tool for Agricultural Research (STAR) Version: 2.0. 1, International Rice Research Institute Los Baños, Philippines.
Jezdinská Slezák, K., A. Jezdinský, M. Vachůn, O. Sotolářová, R. Pokluda and J. Uher, 2021. Monitoring the green vegetation period of two narcissus taxa by non-destructive analysis of selected physiological and morphological properties. Horticulturae. 7(12): 585.
JMP®Version16, 2021. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, 1989–2021.
Kapczynska, A. 2014. Effect of bulb size on growth, flowering and bulb formation in lachenalia cultivars. Hort. Sci. 41, 89-94.
Kapczynska, A. 2019. Effect of chipping and scoring techniques on bulb production of Lachenalia cultivars. Acta Agrobotanica. 72(1).
Kebeli, F. and F. Çelikel, 2013. Effect of planting time on flower quality and flowering period of natural and cultural Narcissus bulbs. V. Ornamental Plants Congress.
Khan, I., F. Khan, M. Salmani, M. Khan, M. Mir and A. Hassan, 2013. Effect of bulb density, nitrogen application time and deheading on growth, yield and relative economics of daffodil cv. Tunis (Narcissus sp.). African Journal of Agricultural Research. 8(31): 4189-4193.
Kizil, S., K.M. Khawar and N. Arslan, 2013. Introduction of economically important bulbous plants collected from wild flora in semi arid climatic conditions of southeastern anatolian region of Turkey. I International Symposium on Ornamentals in Africa 1077: 143-153.
Liu, X.-m., X.-z. Zhang, Y.-m. Shi and D.-q. Tang, 2017. Genetic diversity analysis of nine narcissus based on morphological characteristics and random amplified polymorphic DNA markers. Hortscience. 52(2): 212-220.
Manimaran, P., S. Ghosh and R. Priyanka, 2017. Bulb size and growth regulators on the growth and performance of bulbous ornamental crops-A review. Chem. Sci. Rev. Lett. 6, 1277–1284.
Miller, W.B. and M.W. Olberg, 2016. Novel ethephon application methods for Narcissus. HortScience. 51(10): 1245-1250.
Misra, R. and S. Misra, 2017. Commercial ornamental crops: Cut flowers, Ruger Brentt.
Mozafarian, V. 2015. Identification of medicinal and aromatic plants of Iran. Iran, Farhang Moaser Publication. Iran.
Okubo, H. and D. Sochacki, 2013. Botanical and horticultural aspects of major ornamental geophytes. Ornamental Geophytes. 77-122.
Özel, A. and K. Erden, 2018. The Effect of Bulb Sizes on the Yield and Some Plant Characteristics of Bunch-Flowered Daffodil (Narcissus tazetta). Harran Tarım ve Gıda Bilimleri Dergisi. 22(3): 355-362.
Rezaei, J., M. Zare Mehrjerdi, H. Mastali and N. Yazdani, 2019. Morphological and Phytochemical Evaluation in Some Populations of Allium from Iran. Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology. 20(3): 337-348.
Simon-Porcar, V.I., F.X. Pico, J. Arroyo, 2015. Range-wide population genetics and variation in morphratio in style-dimorphic Narcissus papyraceus. American Journal of Botany, 102, 449–456.
Slezák, K. A., J. Mazur, A. Jezdinský and A. Kapczyńska, 2020. Bulb size interacts with lifting term in determining the quality of Narcissus poeticus L. propagation material. Agronomy. 10(7): 975.
Tarakemeh, A., M. Azizi, V. Rowshan, H. Salehi, R. Spina, F. Dupire, H. Arouie and D. Laurain-Mattar, 2019. Screening of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids in bulbs and tissue cultures of Narcissus papyraceus and four varieties of N. tazetta. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis. 172: 230-237.