Common basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) responses to lead (Pb(NOз)2) stress: Germination, morpho-physiological, and phytochemical
محورهای موضوعی : Stress Physiology
Mohsen Poursaeid
1
(Ph.D. student, Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.)
Alireza IranBakhsh
2
(Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran)
Mostafa Ebadi
3
(Assistant Professor, Department of Biology, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran)
Mohammad Hossein Fotokian
4
(Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran)
کلید واژه: Proline content, linalool, photosynthetic pigment, Essential oil, Methyl-chavicol,
چکیده مقاله :
The negative impact of contaminated soil with heavy metals on plant and human health is an important global concern. To evaluate the effect of lead (Pb(NOз)2) stress (0, 25, 75, 100, and 150 µM) on the germination, growth, physiological, and biochemical of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.), a pot experiment based on completely randomized design (CRD) with three replicates was conducted at the Department of Horticultural Science, Shahed University of Tehran, in 2018. The contaminated soil with Pb had a negative impact on germination indices (percentage and rate), growth and morphological parameters (shoot and root length and dry weight), and physiological parameters (LAI, photosynthetic pigments, and number of leaf secretory glands). Pb stress (150 µM) led to a reduction in the average of germination percentage (43.33%), germination rate (62.92%), shoot and root dry weight (60.22 and 77.43%, respectively), LAI (64.68%), total chlorophyll content (73.10%), and number of leaf secretory glands (33.3%) in compared to the control treatment (without Pb), while increased peroxidase activity (62.3%), proline content (70.14%), and the root and shoot Pbcontent (92.10 and 97.6%,respectively). On the Other hand, Pb stress led to a change in the content of essential oil compounds. In general, low levels of Pb (25 µM) appear to increase the predominance of oil compounds. In conclusion, common basil cultivation in the Pb contaminated soil could cause undesirable effects on the germination indices, growth and morphological traits, and physiological attributes but might behave a positive influence under low level (25 µM) on the essential oil composition.
Aghighi Shahverdi, M., H. Omidi, and S. J. Tabatabaei. 2017. ̍Effect of nutri-priming on germination indices and physiological characteristics of stevia seedling under salinity stress̍. Journal of Seed Science, 39: 353-62.
Akpinar-Bayizit, A., M. A. Turan, L. Yilmaz-Ersan, and N. Taban. 2010. ̍Inductively coupled plasma optical-emission spectroscopy determination of major and minor elements in vinegar̍. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 38: 64-68.
Alizadeh, Y., A. Koocheki, and M. Nassiri Mahallati. 2010. ̍Evaluation of radiation use efficiency of intercropping of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and herb sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.).̍ Agroecology 2: 94-104.
Amirmoradi, S., P. R. Moghaddam., A. Koocheki., S. Danesh, and A. Fotovat. 2012. ̍Effect of cadmium and lead on quantitative and essential oil traits of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.),̍ Notulae Scientia Biologicae, 4: 101-09.
Antić, M P., S. C. Jelačić, and T. M. Š. Knudsen. 2019. ̍Chemical composition of the essential oils of three Ocimum basilicum L. cultivars from Serbia.̍ Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 47: 347-51.
Apel, K, and H. Hirt. 2004. ̍Reactive oxygen species: metabolism, oxidative stress, and signal transduction.̍ Annu. Rev. Plant Biol., 55: 373-99.
Avetisyan, A., A. Markosian, M. Petrosyan, N. Sahakyan, A. Babayan, S. Aloyan, and A. Trchounian. 2017. ̍Chemical composition and some biological activities of the essential oils from basil Ocimum different cultivars.̍ BMC complementary and alternative medicine, 17: 1-8.
Babajani, A., A. Iranbakhsh., Z. O. Ardebili, and B. Eslami. 2019.̍ Differential growth, nutrition, physiology, and gene expression in Melissa officinalis mediated by zinc oxide and elemental selenium nanoparticles.̍ Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26: 24430-44.
Bates, L. S., R. P. Waldren, and I. Teare. 1973. ̍Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies.̍ Plant and Soil, 39: 205-07.
Doğan, M, and U. Colak. 2009. ̍Effect of lead applied to Triticum aestivum L. cv. Tosunbey on some physiological characteristics.̍ Ekoloji, 19: 98-104.
Enteshari, S, and T. Jafari. 2013. ̍The effects of methyl jasmonate and salinity on germination and seedling growth in Ocimum basilicum L.̍ Iranian Journal of Plant Physiology, 3: 749-56.
Farsaraei, S., M. Moghaddam, and A. G. Pirbalouti. 2020. ̍Changes in growth and essential oil composition of sweet basil in response of salinity stress and superabsorbents application.̍ Scientia Horticulturae, 271: 109465.
Fattahi, B., K. Arzani., M. K. Souri, and M. Barzegar. 2019. ̍Effects of cadmium and lead on seed germination, morphological traits, and essential oil composition of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.).̍ Industrial Crops and Products, 138: 111584.
Fattahi, B., V. Nazeri., S. Kalantari., M. Bonfill, and M. Fattahi. 2016. ̍ Essential oil variation in wild-growing populations of Salvia reuterana Boiss. collected from Iran: Using GC–MS and multivariate analysis.̍ Industrial Crops and Products, 81: 180-90.
Ghanati, F., A. Morita, and H. Yokota. 2002. ̍Induction of suberin and increase of lignin content by excess boron in tobacco cells.̍ Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 48: 357-64.
Hazzoumi, Z., Y. Moustakime, and K. A. Joutei. 2017. ̍Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and water stress on ultrastructural change of glandular hairs and essential oil compositions in Ocimum gratissimum.̍ Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture, 4: 20.
Janmohammadi, M., M. Bihamta, and F. Ghasemzadeh. 2013. ̍Influence of rhizobacteria inoculation and lead stress on the physiological and biochemical attributes of wheat genotypes.̍ Cercetari Agronomice in Moldova, 46: 49-67.
Jayasri, M. A., and K. Suthindhiran. 2017. ̍Effect of zinc and lead on the physiological and biochemical properties of aquatic plant Lemna minor: its potential role in phytoremediation. ̍Applied Water Science, 7: 1247-53.
Lichtenthaler, H. K. 1987. ̍Chlorophylls and carotenoids: Pigments of photosynthetic biomembranes.' in, Methods in Enzymology (Academic Press).
Melato, F. A., T. Regnier, R. I. McCrindle, and N. S. Mokgalaka. 2012. ̍Impact of metals on secondary metabolites production and plant morphology in vetiver grass (Chrysopogon zizanioides).̍ South African Journal of Chemistry, 65: 178-83.
Padash, A., A. Ghanbari., M. R. Asgharipour, and M. A. Javaheri. 2019.̍ Changes in antioxidant enzymes activity and physiological traits by exogenous salicylic acid in basil (Ocimum basilicum) under Pb stress.̍ Journal of Plant Process and Function, 7: 17-24.
Pirzadah, T. B., B. Malik., S. T. Salam., P. Ahmad Dar, and S. Rashid. 2019. ̍Impact of heavy metal stress on plants and the role of various defense elements.̍ Iranian Journal of Plant Physiology, 9: 2883-900.
Safari, M., Z. O. Ardebili, and A. Iranbakhsh. 2018. ̍Selenium nano-particle induced alterations in expression patterns of heat shock factor A4A (HSFA4A), and high molecular weight glutenin subunit 1Bx (Glu-1Bx) and enhanced nitrate reductase activity in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).̍ Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 40: 117.
Saleem, M., H. N. Asghar., Z. A. Zahir, and M. Shahid. 2018. ̍Impact of lead tolerant plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on growth, physiology, antioxidant activities, yield and lead content in sunflower in lead contaminated soil.̍ Chemosphere, 195: 606-14.
Sharma, P, and R. S. Dubey. 2005. ̍Lead toxicity in plants.̍ Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology, 17: 35-52.
Xing, W., H. Liu, T. Banet, H. Wang, J. A. Ippolito, and L. Li. 2020. ̍Cadmium, copper, lead and zinc accumulation in wild plant species near a lead smelter.̍ Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 198: 110683.
Zafari, M., A. Ebadi, S. Jahanbakhsh, and M. Sedghi. 2020. ̍Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) biochemical properties, yield and oil content affected by 24-epibrassinosteroid and genotype under drought stress.̍ Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry.24:10-12.
Zhong, W., C. Xie, D. Hu, S. Pu., X. Xiong, J. Ma, L. Sun, Z. Huang, M. Jiang, and X. Li. 2020. ̍Effect of 24-epibrassinolide on reactive oxygen species and antioxidative defense systems in tall fescue plants under lead stress.̍ Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 187: 109831.
Zolfaghari, M., V. Nazeri, F. Sefidkon, and F. Rejali. 2013. ̍Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on plant growth and essential oil content and composition of Ocimum basilicum L.̍ Iranian Journal of Plant Physiology, 3: 643-50.
