Apimix and Apipasta the New Trend in Bee Feeding and Creation of New Bee Colonies
محورهای موضوعی : CamelR. Shumkova 1 , R. Balkanska 2
1 - Research Center of Stockbreeding and Agriculture, Smolyan, Bulgaria
2 - Institute of Animal Science, Kostinbrod, Bulgaria
کلید واژه: Amino acids, Vitamins, Apimix, Apipasta, bee colonies, bee feeding,
چکیده مقاله :
The nutritional needs of worker bees are supplied by nectar carbohydrates, protein, and other nutrients in pollen. This paper aims to study the impact of Apimix and Apipasta feeding on the productive parameters of newly created bee colonies and to trace their health status concerning 6 viruses and the cause of nosematosis. Bee colonies of the local honeybee Apis mellifera settled in Langstroth hives system were used. The following groups were created: control group) feeding with sugar solution (sugar water 1:1) without additives; experimental group I) feeding with Apimix and experimental group II) feeding with Apipasta. It was found out that the stimulation feeding with liquid food Apimix significantly increases (p Nosema ceranae and Nosema Apis and 6 honey bee viruses were not detected in the bee colonies.
Bilas N.G. and Benevolenscaia B. (2002). Food substitutes of bees. Apiculture. 2, 24-26.
Branchiccela B., Castelli L., Corona M., Díaz-Cetti S., Invernizzi C., Martínez de la Escalera G., Mendoza Y., Santos E., Silva C., Zunino P. and Antúnez K. (2019). Impact of nutritional stress on the honeybee colony health. Sci. Rep. 9, 1-11.
Brodschneider R. and Crailsheim K. (2010). Nutrition and health in honey bees. Apidologie. 41, 278-294.
DeGrandi-Hoffman G. and Chen Y. (2015). Nutrition, immunity, and viral infections in honey bees. Curr. Opin. Insect. Sci. 10, 170-176.
Eşanu D., Simeanu D. and Pop I. (2018). The use of some energetics syrups on bees deprived of natural picking and its effects on some morphological and productive parameters. Sci. Papers Ser. D, Anim. Sci. 12(1), 101-106.
Fleming J., Schmehl D. and Ellis J. (2015). characterizing the impact of commercial pollen substitute diets on the level of Nosema spp. in honey bees (Apis mellifera). PloS One. 10(7), e0132014.
Glavinic U., Stankovic B., Draskovic V., Stevanovic J., Petrovic T., Lakic N. and Stanimirovic Z. (2017). Dietary amino acid and vitamin complex protects honey bee from immunosuppression caused by Nosema ceranae. PloS One. 12(11), e0187726.
Guler A., Ekinci D., Biyik S., Garipoglu A.V., Onder H. and Kocaokutgen H. (2018). Effects of feeding honey bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) with industrial sugars produced by plants using different photosynthetic cycles (carbon C3 and C4) on the colony wintering ability, lifespan, and forage behavior. J. Econ. Entomol. 26, 2003-2010.
Hoover S.E. and Ovinge L.P. (2018). Pollen collection, honey production, and pollination services: Managing honey bees in an agricultural setting. J. Econ. Entomol. 111, 1509-1516.
Ishmuratova N.M. (2002). Candice preparation to stimulate the growth and development of families in the early spring. Apiculture. 2, 20-21.
Ivanova T. (2005). Possibilities of application of carbohydrates and protein products for feeding the honey bee Apis mellifera.Ph D. Thesis. Institute of Animal Science, Kostinbrod, Bulgaria.
Krivtsov N.I., Lebedev V.I. and Tunikov G.M. (1999). Pchelovodstvo. Kolos, Moscow, Russia.
Lebedev V.I. and Bilash Н.G. (1994). Consumption of bee bread from the bee colony during the year. Pchelovodstvo 6, 12-13.
Micheu S., Crailsheim К. and Leonhard B. (2000). Importance of proline and other amino acids during honey bee flight (Apis mellifera carnica). Amino Acids. 18, 157-175.
Nasr A.E., Elsharkawy H.E., Sanad R.E. and Elsantil F.E. (2018). Different supplementary protein diets and their effects on seasonal biological activities local Caroniolan hybrid bee (Apis mellifera) strain. J. Prod. Dev. 23, 669-678.
Nenchev P. and Zhelyazkova I. (2010). Beekeeping. Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria.
Nicolson S. (2011). Bee food: The chemistry and nutritional value of nectar, pollen and mixtures of the two. African Zool. 46, 197-204.
Radoslavov R., Hristov P., Shumkova R., Mitkov I., Sirakova D. and Bouga M. (2017). A specific genetic marker for the discrimination of native Bulgarian honey bees (Apis mellifera rodopica): Duplication of coI gene fragment. J. Apic. Res. 3, 196-202.
Şahinler N., Gül A. and Şahin A. (2015). Vitamin E supplement in honey bee colonies to increase cell acceptance rate and royal jelly production. J. Apic. Res. 44, 58-60.
Schmid-Hempel P. (2005). Evolutionary ecology of insect immune defenses. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 50, 529-551.
Shumkova R. (2016). Comparative study on the effect of stimulating products on the biological development of bee colonies’. Ph D. Thesis. Institute of Animal Science, Kostinbrod, Bulgaria.
Shumkova R., Georgieva A., Radoslavov G., Sirakova D., Dzhebir G., Neov B., Bouga M. and Hristov P. (2018a). The first report of the prevalence of Nosema ceranae in Bulgaria. Peer J. 5, 1-11.
Shumkova R., Neov B., Georgieva A., Teofanova D., Radoslavov G. and Hristov P. (2018b). Resistance оf native honey bees from Rhodope mountains and lowland regions of Bulgaria to Nosema ceranae and viral pathogens. Bulgarian J. Vet. Med. 1, 1-12.
Smart M., Pettis J., Rice N., Browning Z. and Spivak M. (2016). Linking measures of colony and individual honey bee health to survival among apiaries exposed to varying agricultural land use. PLoS One. 11(3), e0152685.
Soares de Arruda V.A., Pereira A.A., Silva de Freitas A., Barth O.M. and de Almeida-Muradian L.B. (2013). Dried bee pollen: B complex vitamins, physicochemical and botanical composition. J. Food Compos. Anal. 29, 100-105.
SPSS Inc. (2011). Statistical Package for Social Sciences Study. SPSS for Windows, Version 20. Chicago SPSS Inc., USA.
Taha El-Kazafy A., Al-Kahtani S. and Taha R. (2019). Protein content and amino acids composition of bee-pollens from major floral sources in Al-Ahsa, eastern Saudi Arabia. Saudi J. Biol. Sci. 26, 232-237.
Taranov G.F. (1986). Food and Feeding of the Bees. Rosselkhozizdat, Moscow, Russia.
Tritschler M., Vollmann J.J., Yañez O., Chejanovsky N., Crailsheim K. and Neumann P. (2017). Protein nutrition governs within-host race of honey bee pathogens. Sci. Rep. 7, 1-11.
Wang H., Zhang S.W., Zeng Z.J. and Yan W.Y. (2014). Nutrition affects longevity and gene expression in honey bee (Apis mellifera) workers. Apidologie. 45, 618-625.
Zhelyazkova I. and Nenchev P. (1995). Influence of АD3Е-Hydro vitamin mixture on the body weight and mineral composition of worker bees (Apis mellifera). J. Anim. Sci. 32, 34-36.
Zhelyazkova I. and Nenchev P. (2001). Effect of complex vitamin preparation АD3Е-Hydro on the development of bee families. J. Anim. Sci. 38, 119-121.
