The Effect of Different Levels of Tanacetum balasmita Medicinal Plant Powder and Extract on Performance, Carcass Traits and Blood Parameters of Broiler Chicks
محورهای موضوعی : Camelع. نوبخت 1 , ب. فیضی 2 , ع.ر. صفا مهر 3
1 - Department of Animal Science, Maragheh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Maragheh, Iran
2 - Department of Animal Science, Maragheh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Maragheh, Iran
3 - Department of Animal Science, Maragheh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Maragheh, Iran
کلید واژه: Performance, carcass traits, broilers, blood metabolism, <i>Tanacetum balasmita</i>,
چکیده مقاله :
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of dried aerial parts powder and extract of Tanacetum balasmita (TB) medicinal plant on performance, carcass traits and blood parameters of broilers. Two hundred eighty Ross-308 broilers from 10 to 42 days of age were used in a completely randomized design in 5 treatments and 4 replicates (14 birds per replicate). The treatment groups consisted of a control group (1) with no dried aerial parts powder or extract of TBand experimental groups 2 and 3 contained 0.5% and 1% of TB whereas experimental groups 4 and 5 contained 0.1% and 0.2% of TB extract, respectively. Using different levels and forms of TB significantly affected the performance, carcass traits and blood parameters of broilers (P<0.05). By increasing the level of TB powder to 1% the weight gain decreased and feed conversion increased, the best feed conversion related to group with 0.2% of TB, whereas the amount of daily feed intake was not affected. The highest liver percentage was resulted with 1% of Tanacetum balasmita powder. The level of blood glucose significantly decreased with 0.2% of TB extract. The lowest percentage of heterophile, the highest percentage of lymphocyte and the lowest ratio of heterophile to lymphocyte were observed with 0.2% of TB extract. The overall results showed that the use 1% of dried aerial parts powder of TB has adverse effects on broiler performance, while 0.2% of TB extractcompared with control group, has positive effects on performance and blood parameters.
این آزمایش به منظور ارزیابی اثرات استفاده از سطوح مختلف پودر قسمت‌های هوایی و عصاره گیاه دارویی شاه اسپرم بر عملکرد، صفات لاشه و پارامترهای خونی جوجههای گوشتی انجام گرفت. تعداد 280 قطعه جوجه گوشتی سویه راس-308 از سن 10 تا 42 روزگی در 5 تیمار، 4 تکرار (14 قطعه جوجه در هر تکرار) در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند. گروه‌های آزمایشی شامل: 1) شاهد (بدون استفاده از پودر و عصاره شاه اسپرم)، گروه‌های 2 و 3 خاوی 5/0 و 1 درصد از پودر قسمت‌های هوایی شاه اسپرم، 4 و 5 حاوی 1/0 و 2/0 درصد از عصاره شاه اسپرم بودند. استفاده از سطوح مختلف پودر و عصاره شاه اسپرم در جیره، عملکرد، صفات لاشه و پارامترهای خونی جوجههای گوشتی را تحت تأثیر قرار داد (05/0>P). با اضافه کردن 1 درصدی پودر شاه اسپرم وزن بدن کاهش و ضریب تبدیل خوراک افزایش یافت. بهترین ضریب تبدیل خوراک با استفاده از 2/0 درصد از عصاره شاه اسپرم بدست آمد. خوراک مصرفی تحت تأثیر جیره‌های آزمایشی قرار نگرفت. بیشترین درصد کبد با استفاده از 2/0 درصد از عصاره شاه اسپرم مشاهده شد. در استفاده از 2/0 درصد عصاره شاه اسپرم، سطح گلوکز خون افزایش یافت. کمترین درصد هتروفیل، بالاترین درصد لمفوسیت و پایین‌‌ترین نسبت هتروفیل به لمفوسیت با استفاده از 2/0 درصد از عصاره شاه اسپرم مشاهده شد. به طور کلی استفاده از 1 درصد پودر گیاه دارویی شاه اسپرم اثرات سوئی بر عملکرد جوجههای گوشتی داشت، در حالیکه استفاده از 2/0 درصد از عصاره شاه اسپرم در مقایسه با گروه شاهد موجب بهبود عملکرد و پارامترهای خونی جوجههای گوشتی شد.
Abad M.J., Bermejo P. and Villar A. (2006). An approach to the genus Tanacetum (Compositae): phytochemical and pharmacological review. Phytotherapy. Res. 9, 79-92.
Ademola S.G., Farinu G.O. and Babatunde G.M. (2009). Serum lipid, growth and hematological parameters of broilers fed garlic, ginger and their mixtures. World. J. Agric. Sci. 5, 99-104.
Al-Mashhadani E., Al-Jaff F.K., Hamodi S.J. and Al-Mashhadani H.E. (2011). Effect of different levels of coriander oil on broiler performance and some physiological traits under summer condition. Pakistan J. Nutr. 10, 10-14.
AOAC. (2002). Official Methods of Analysis. 16th Ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington, VA, USA.
Botsoglou N.A., Florou-Paneri P., Nikolakakis I., Giannenas I., Dotas V., Botsoglou E.N. and Bylaite E. (2000). Composition of essential oil of costmary (Balsamita major) at different growth phases. J. Agric. Food Chem. 48, 2409-2414.
Cross D.E., Acamovic T., Deans S.G. and McDevitt R.M. (2002). The effect of dietary inclusion of herbs and their volatile oils on the performance of growing chickens. Br. Poult. Sci. 43, 33-35.
Dahiya J.P., Wilkie D.C., Van Kessel A.G. and Drew M.D. (2006). Potential strategies for controlling necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens in post-antibiotic era. Anim. Feed. Sci. Technol. 129, 60-68.
Dias M.C., Spinardi-Barbisan A.L.T., Rodrigues M.N.M, de Camargo J.L., Teran E. and Barbisan L.F. (2006). Lack of chemo preventive effects of ginger on colon carcinogenesis induced by 1, 2- dimethyl hydrazine in rats. Food. Chem. Toxicol. 44, 877-884.
Frankič T., Voljč M., Salobir J. and Rezar V. (2009). Use of herbs and spices and their extracts in animal nutrition. Acta. Agric. Slovenica. 94, 95-102.
Gross W.B. and Siegel H.S. (1983). Evaluation of the heterophil/lymphocyte ratio as a measure of stress in chickens. Avian. Dis. 27, 972-979.
Hassanpouraghdam M.B., Tabatabaie S.J., Nazemiyeh H. and Aflatuni A. (2008a). Effects of different concentrations of nutrient solution on vegetative growth and essential oil of costmary (Tanacetum balsamita). Agric. Sci. 18, 27-38.
Hassanpouraghdam M.B., Tabatabaie S.J., Nazemiyeh H. and Aflatuni A. (2008b). N and K nutrition levels affect growth and essential oil content of costmary (Tanacetum balsamita). J. Food Agric. Environ. 6, 150-154.
Keskito M., Arja P., Savela M.L., Valkonen J.P.T., Simon J. and Pehu E. (1998). Alteration in growth of tissue-cultured tansy (Tanacetum vulgare) treated with antibiotics. Ann. Appl. Biol. 133, 281-296.
Khosravi A., Boldaji f., Dostar B. and Hasani S. (2008). The use of some feed additives as growth promoter in broiler nutrition. Int. J. Poult. Sci. 7, 1095-1099.
Kubo A. and Kubo I. (1995). Antimicrobial agents from Tanacetum balsamita. J. Natural. Prod. 58, 1565-1569.
Lee K.W., Everts H., Kappert H.J., Frehner M., Losa R. and Beynen A.C. (2003). Effects of dietary essential oil components on growth performance, digestive enzymes and lipid metabolism in female broiler chickens. Br. Poult. Sci. 44, 450-457.
Lewis M.R., Rose S.P., Mackenzie A.M. and Tucker L.A. (2003). Effects of dietary inclusion of plant extracts on the growth performance of male broiler chickens. Br. Poult. Sci. 44, 43-47.
Marculescu A., Barbu C.H., Bobit D. and Hanganu D. (2001b). Possibilities of influencing the biosynthesis and accumulation of the active principles in Chrysanthemum balsamita species. Romanian Biotech. Letter. 7, 577- 84.
Marculescu A., Hanganu D. and Kinga O.N. (2001a). Qualitative and quantitative determination of the caffeic acid and chlorogenic acid from three chemovarieties of Chrysanthemum balsamita. Romanian Biotech. Letter. 6, 477-484.
Nasiri S., Nobakht A. and Safamehr A.R. (2011). The effects of different levels of nettle Urtica dioica. (Urticaceae) medicinal plant in starter and growing feeds on performance, carcass traits, blood biochemical and immunity parameters of broilers. Iranian J. Anim. Sci. 1, 177-181.
Nobakht A. and Mogaddam M. (2013). The effects different levels of customary (Tanacetum balsamita) medicinal plant on performance, egg traits and blood biochemical parameters of laying hens. Iranian J. Appl. Anim. Sci. 3, 307-312.
Nobakht A., Hosseni Mansoub N. and Mohammad Nezhady M.A. (2012). Effects of Melissa officinalis, Tamacetum balsamita and Ziziphora clinopodioides on performance, blood biochemical and immunity parameters of laying hens. Asian J. Anim. Vet. Adv. 10, 1-6.
Nobakht A., Nobakht M. and Safamehr A.R. (2012). The effect of different levels of savory medicinal plant on growth performance, carcass traits, immune cells and blood biochemical of broilers. Afican J. Agric. Res. 7, 1456-1461.
Platel K. and Srinivasan K. (2000). Influence of dietary spices and their active principles on pancreatic digestive enzymes in Albino rats. Nahrung. 44, 42-46.
SAS Institute. (2005). SAS®/STAT Software, Release 9.12. SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, NC. USA.
Shabaan M. (2012). Effect of using thyme and cumin seeds for improving the utilization of low energy broiler diet. Egypt Poult. Sci. 32, 579-591.
Vichi S., Zitterl-Eglseer K., Jugl M. and Franz C.H. (2001). Determination of the presence of antioxidants deriving from sage and oregano extracts added to animal fat by means of assessment of the radical scavenging capacity by photochemiluminescence analysis. Nahrung. Food. 45, 101-104.
Williams P. and Losa R. (2001). The use of essential oils and their compounds in poultry nutrition. World. Poult. Sci. 17, 14-15.
Zarghari A. (1996). Medicinal plants. Tehran University Publication, Iran.
