Transhumant Sheep and Goat Farming Sector in Greece
محورهای موضوعی : CamelA. سیاسیو 1 , ک. گالانوپولوس 2 , آی. میتسوپولوس 3 , آ. راگکوس 4 , و. لاگا 5
1 - Department of Agricultural Development, Democritus University of Thrace, Pantazidou 93, 58200, Orestiada, Greece
2 - Department of Agricultural Development, Democritus University of Thrace, Pantazidou 93, 58200, Orestiada, Greece
3 - Department of Agricultural Technology, Alexander Technological Educational Institute of Thessaloniki, Sindos, 57400, Thessaloniki, Greece
4 - Department of Agricultural Technology, Alexander Technological Educational Institute of Thessaloniki, Sindos, 57400, Thessaloniki, Greece
5 - Department of Agricultural Technology, Alexander Technological Educational Institute of Thessaloniki, Sindos, 57400, Thessaloniki, Greece
کلید واژه: crossbreed, extensive farming system, sheep and goat,
چکیده مقاله :
Transhumance is an extensive farming system developed by livestock farmers, that moved their herds between lowlands and uplands, in order to cope with the seasonality of the available forage. The purpose of this study was to examine the transhumant sheep and goat system in Greece highlighting differences in management aspects among the country’s regions. Non-parametric statistical methods in a sample of 551 herders were applied to depict management practices while the regions were separated into four groups according to climate and geographical features. Results revealed differences between the groups, adoption of crossbreeding and limitation of grazing in pastures mainly by sheep breeders. The breeding of goats and on average larger herds were met mainly in southern Greece while sheep and mixed type of herds, as well as smaller on average herds were more common in the northern regions of the country. Evidently, transhumance in Greece nowadays preserves its traditional character being accustomed to the demand of the market for larger production however the introduction of the cross or improved dairy breeders should be controlled in order to protect diversity of indigenous mountain breeds.
کوچ‌نشینی یک سیستم مزرعه‌ای فشرده توسعه یافته توسط مزرعه‌داران دامدار است، که گله‌هایشان را بین زمین های پست و مرتفع، به منظور رویارویی با فصلی بودن علوفه قابل دسترس حرکت می‌دهند. هدف از این پژوهش بررسی سیستم کوچ‌نشینی گوسفند و بز در یونان و برجسته کردن تفاوت‌ها در جنبه‌های مدیریتی در میان مناطق کشور بود. روش‌های آماری غیرپارامتری در یک نمونه از 551 گله‌دار برای تشریح شیوه‌های مدیریتی به‌کار گرفته شدند اگرچه مناطق به 4 گروه بر اساس شرایط آب و هوایی و جغرافیایی طبقه‌بندی شدند. نتایج تفاوت‌هایی بین گروه‌ها، سازگاری آمیخته‌ها و محدودیت چرا در مراتع عمدتاً توسط پرورش‌دهندگان گوسفند را نشان داد. پرورش بزها و در گله‌های به‌طور متوسط بزرگتر عمدتاً در جنوب یونان بود اگرچه گوسفندان و گله‌های مخلوط، همانند گله‌های کوچک‌تر و متوسط در مناطق شمالی کشور متداول‌تر بودند. از قرار معلوم، کوچ‌نشینی در یونان این روزها ویژگی سنتی خود را حفظ کرده و به تقاضای بازار برای تولید بیشتر عادت کرده است.
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