Effects of Oregano (Origanum vulgare) and Thyme (Thymus vulgaris) Oils on Growth Performance and Blood Parameters in Holstein Suckling Calves
محورهای موضوعی : Camel
1 - Department of Animal Science, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
2 - Department of Animal Science, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
کلید واژه: growth performance, blood metabolites, calf, oregano oil, thyme oil,
چکیده مقاله :
This experiment was conducted to compare the effect of supplementation of milk with thyme (THY) and oregano (ORE) essences separately or a mixture of THY and ORE essences on growth performance, haematological parameters and some blood metabolites of Holstein suckling calves. Forty-eight Holstein calves (48.31±5.82 kg) were randomly allocated to four treatments including (1) control without essential oil supplement; (2) THY oil mixed in milk at 5 mL/d/calf; (3) ORE oil mixed in milk at 5 mL/d/calf; (4) 2.5 mL THY oil + 2.5 mL/d/calf ORE oil mixed in milk (TOM). According to the results, the experimental diets had no significant effect on body weight, average daily gain, and feed conversion rate in the entire experiment (P>0.05), although the parameters of starter and total feed intake were increased (P<0.0001) in the ORE and TOM groups. Values of packed cell volume, haemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, and lymphocyte percentage were increased (P<0.05) in the ORE group compared with the control. Also, our results demonstrate the supplementation of either oregano or thyme essential oils increased (P<0.05) serum iron concentration, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate transaminase activities. Concentrations of total cholesterol and total triglyceride were decreased (P<0.05) in calves given both oils compared to the control group. Further confirmation of these results is warranted, and more research is needed to identify and clearly explain in the contribution of oregano or thyme oils (individual or mixtures); however our results suggested that oregano oil might be more useful as the promising feed additive for suckling calves nutrition.
این آزمایش به منظور مقایسه تأثیر مکمل‌سازی شیر با اسانس‌های پونه کوهی و آویشن به صورت جداگانه یا مخلوط بر عملکرد رشد، فراسنجه‌های هماتولوژیکی و برخی متابولیت‌های خونی گوساله‌های شیرخوار هلشتاین انجام شد. چهل و هشت گوساله (با وزن 32/48±82/5 کیلوگرم) به طور تصادفی به چهار تیمار به شرح زیر اختصاص یافتند: (1) کنترل بدون مکمل اسانس، (2) مخلوط 5 میلی‌لیتر اسانس آویشن در شیر به ازای هر گوساله در روز، (3) مخلوط 5 میلی‌لیتر اسانس پونه کوهی در شیر به ازای هر گوساله در روز، (4) مخلوط 5/2 میلی‌لیتر اسانس آویشن + 5/2 میلی‌لیتر اسانس پونه کوهی در شیر به ازای هر گوساله در روز. نتایج نشان داد جیره‌های آزمایشی تأثیر معنی‌داری بر وزن بدن، متوسط افزایش وزن روزانه و نرخ ضریب تبدیل در کل دوره آزمایش نداشتند (05/0>P)، گرچه فراسنجه‌های مصرف استارتر و مصرف کل خوراک در گروه دریافت کننده اسانس پونه کوهی و گروه مخلوط اسانس‌ها افزایش یافتند (0001/0>P). مقادیر هماتوکریت، هموگلوبین، حجم متوسط هموگلوبین و درصد لنفوسیت‌ها در گروه دریافت‌کننده اسانس پونه کوهی در مقایسه با گروه کنترل افزایش یافتند (05/0>P). همچنین نتایج این آزمایش ثابت کرد مکمل نمودن هر دو اسانس پونه کوهی یا آویشن غلظت آهن سرم و فعالیت آنزیم‌های آلانین آمینو ترانسفراز و آسپارتات ترانس آمیناز را افزایش داد (05/0>P). غلظت‌های کلسترول و تری‌گلیسرید تام در گوساله‌های دریافت‌کننده هر دو اسانس در مقایسه با گروه کنترل نیز افزایش یافت (05/0>P). این نتایج نیاز به تأیید بیشتر دارند و تحقیقات بیشتری مورد نیاز است که غلظت‌ها و سهم اسانس‌های آویشن یا پونه کوهی (به تنهایی یا در مخلوط) را مشخص نمایند؛ گرچه نتایج این تحقیق پیشنهاد می‌کنند ممکن است اسانس پونه کوهی به عنوان یک افزودنی امیدبخش در تغذیه گوساله‌های شیرخوار مفید باشد.
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