Feather Pecking of Laying Hens in Different Stocking Density and Type of Cage
محورهای موضوعی : Camelاس. خومپوت 1 , اس. موآنگچوم 2 , اس. یودپروم 3 , آ. پانیاساک 4 , جی. تی انجتام 5
1 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
2 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
3 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
4 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture at Kamphaeng Saen, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
5 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
کلید واژه: laying hen, Housing, stocking density, feather pecking,
چکیده مقاله :
Both stocking rate and housing systems are main factors influencing the occurrence of feather pecking in laying hens raised in conventional cage system. This study examines the effects of different type of cage and stock density on feather pecking behaviour in hens. Total of 216 Hisex Brown hens at 16 weeks of age were randomly selected and put into 2 types of battery cages: conventional cages and modified cages fitted with perch. Each groups comprised 3 subgroups: 2 hens per cage (943 cm2/hens), 3 hens per cage (627.7 cm2/hens), and 4 hens per cage (417.5 cm2/hens). The feather pecking behavior was observed at 25, 28, 31, 34, 37 and 40 weeks of age using time sampling scanning technique. Feather scoring of the hens was done at 42 weeks of age, neither cage type effect nor their interactions with stock densities on feather pecking behaviour and feather score were evident. The results showed that there were significant effect of stocking density on feather pecking behaviour, and feather score (P<0.05). Hens in 3 and 4 hens per cage displayed higher feather pecking bouts than those in 2 hens per cage (P<0.05). The feather condition scores in the areas of breast, wing, rump, tail, and belly of the birds in 2 hens per cage were better than those in other groups (P<0.05). The hens in 2 hens per cage also had higher body weight change than those in the other densities (P<0.05). This study demonstrated that the stock density had considering higher impact on feather pecking behavior than the type of cage. Therefore, using optimum stocking rate would be a potential choice following welfare consideration together with appropriate housing system currently applied.
هر دوی تعداد در واحد سطح و سیستم‌های خانه‌سازی فاکتورهای اصلی تأثیرگذار بر وقوع پرکنی در مرغ‌های تخمگذار پرورش یافته در سیستم قفسی سنتی هستند. این مطالعه به بررسی اثرات انواع مختلف قفس و تراکم روی رفتار پرکنی در مرغ‌ها می‌پردازد. مجموعه‌ای از 216 مرغ Hisex Brown در سن 16 هفتگی به طور تصادفی انتخاب شدند و درون 2 نوع از قفس‌های باتری قرار داده شدند: قفس‌های سنتی و قفس‌های اصلاح شده متناسب با نشیمن‌گاه پرنده. هر گروه شامل 3 زیر گروه شد: 2 مرغ به ازای قفس (943 سانتی‌متر مربع/مرغ)، 3 مرغ به ازای قفس (7/627 سانتی‌متر مربع/مرغ)، و 4 مرغ به ازای قفس (5/417 سانتی‌متر مربع/مرغ). رفتار نوک زدن در سن‌های 25، 28، 31، 34، 37 و 40 هفتگی با استفاده از تکنیک اسکن نمونه‌گیری زمانی مشاهده شد. امتیازدهی بال مرغ‌ها در سن 42 هفتگی انجام شد، نه اثر نوع قفس و نه اثر متقابل آنها به تراکم‌های در واحد سطح روی رفتار نوک زدن و امتیاز بال مشهود نبود. نتایج نشان دادند که اثرات معنی‌داری از تراکم روی رفتار نوک زدن، و امتیاز بال وجود دارند (05/0>P). مرغ‌ها در 3 و 4 مرغ به ازای قفس شدت‌های نوک‌زنی بالاتری نسبت به 2 مرغ به ازای قفس نشان دادند (05/0>P). امتیازهای وضعیت بال در قسمت‌های از سینه، بال، کپل، دم، و شکم پرندگان در 2 مرغ به ازای قفس نسبت به دیگر گروه‌ها بهتر بود (05/0>P). مرغ‌ها در 2 مرغ به ازای قفس همچنین تغییر وزنی بدنی بیشتری نسبت دیگر تراکم‌ها داشتند (05/0>P). این مطالعه نشان می‌دهد که تراکم در واحد سطح اثر قابل ملاحظه بیشتری روی رفتار نوک زنی نسبت به نوع قفس داشت. بنابراین، استفاده از تعداد در واحد سطح بهینه یک انتخاب بالقوه همراه با در نظر گرفتن رفاه با سیستم خانه‌سازی بکارگرفته شده اخیر خواهد بود.
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