Performance of Broiler Chickens Fed Two Varieties of Guinea Corn and Millets as Replacement for Maize
محورهای موضوعی : CamelE.D. Bulus 1 , E.A. Ibe 2 , S.T. Yakubu 3 , I. Samuel 4 , O.J. Makinde 5
1 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
2 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
3 - School of Agric Technology, Nuhu Bamalli Polytechnic, Samaru Kataf, Kaduna State, Nigeria
4 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
5 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
کلید واژه: growth performance, broiler chickens, finger millet, guinea corn, maize replacement diets, pearl millet,
چکیده مقاله :
The study was carried out to evaluate the effects of complete replacement of maize with two varieties of guinea corn and two varieties of millets on the growth performance and nutrient retention in broiler chickens. Five isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets for the broiler starter (23.5% CP; 2800 kcal/ME) and finisher (21.5% CP; 2900 kcal/ME) phases were formulated. Diet 1 consisted on a maize based diet and it served as the control while diets 2, 3, 4 and 5 were white guinea corn, yellow guinea corn, pearl millet and finger millet based diets, respectively. A total of 225 day old Marshal broiler chickens were randomly assigned to the five experimental diets. Each treatment consisted of 45 birds and 3 replicates of 15 birds each in a completely randomized design. Final body weight (BW) and daily body weight gain (BWG) were higher (P<0.05) in birds fed pearl and finger millet diets at the starter and finisher phases. Pearlmillet based diet recorded the best (P<0.05) feed conversion ratio (FCR) and the lowest (P<0.05) feed cost per unit of BWG. Feed intake (FI) at the starter phase was higher in birds fed yellow guinea corn diet than in those fed maize diet. Birds fed white guinea corn diet showed the lowest (P<0.05) BW, BWG, FI and FCR at the finisher phase. To conclude, complete replacement of maize with millets or with yellow guinea corn in broilers diet did not impair FI, BW, FCR and nutrient retention.
این مطالعه برای ارزیابی اثر جایگزینی کامل دانه ذرت با دو واریته از دانه ذرت گینه‌ای و دو واریته از ارزن روی عملکرد رشدی و ابقاء مواد مغذی در جوجه‌های گوشتی انجام شد. پنج جیره با محتوای انرژی و پروتئین یکسان برای دوره آغازین (5/23 درصد پروتئین خام و 2800 کیلوکالری انرژی متابولیسمی) و دوره پایانی (5/21 درصد پروتیئن خام و 2900 کیلوکالری انرژی متابولیسمی) فرموله شدند. جیره فرموله شده بر اساس دانه ذرت به عنوان جیره کنترل استفاده گردید. جیره‌های 2، 3، 4 و 5 به ترتیب جیره‌های براساس دانه ذرت سفید گینه، دانه ذرت زرد گینه، دانه ارزن مرواریدی و دانه ارزن انگشتی بودند. تعداد 225 قطعه جوجه گوشتی یکروزه از سویه مارشال به طور تصادفی به پنج جیره آزمایشی اختصاص یافتند. وزن پایانی و افزایش وزن روزانه در جوجه‌های تغذیه شده با دانه ارزن مرواریدی و انگشتی در مراحل آغازین و پایانی بیشتر بود. جیره یر اساس دانه ارزن مرواریدی دارای بهترین ضریب تبدیل خوراک و پایین‌ترین هزینه برای هر واحد افزایش وزن بود. مصرف خوراک در مرحله آغازین در جوجه‌های تغذیه شده با جیره حاوی دانه دزت گینه در مقایسه با جیره بر اساس دانه ذرت بالاتر بود. جوجه‌های تغذیه شده با جیره حاوی دانه ذرت گینه پایین‌ترین وزن بدن، افزایش وززن روزانه، مصرف خوراک و ضریب تبدیل خوراک را در مرحله پایانی نشان دادند. نتیجه این‌که، جایگزنی کامل دانه ذرت با دانه ارزن یا دانه ذرت گینه در جیره جوجه‌های گوشتی به مصرف خوراک، وزن بدن، ضریب تبدیل خوراک و ابقای مواد مغذی آسیبی نمی‌رساند.
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