In vitro Fiber Digestibility, Gas Production and Enzyme Activity of Cellulolytic Bacteria of Arabian Camels (Dromedary) Fed Cultivable and Pasture Forage
محورهای موضوعی : Camelپ. دادور 1 , ط. محمدآبادی 2 , م. ساری 3 , ج. فیاضی 4
1 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal and Food Science, Ramin Agricultural and Natural Resources University, Mollasani, Ahvaz, Iran
2 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal and Food Science, Ramin Agricultural and Natural Resources University, Mollasani, Ahvaz, Iran
3 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal and Food Science, Ramin Agricultural and Natural Resources University, Mollasani, Ahvaz, Iran
4 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal and Food Science, Ramin Agricultural and Natural Resources University, Mollasani, Ahvaz, Iran
کلید واژه: dromedary camel, atriplex, endoglucanase, exoglucanase, <, i>, in vitro<, /i>, digestibility,
چکیده مقاله :
This experiment was conducted to evaluate of rumen cellulolytic bacteria activity of dromedary camels fed cultivable and pasture forage. Four fistulated dromedary camels were fed for 35 days in 2 periods as cross over design with cultivable and pasture forage (4 camels per forage). Then rumen fluid was collected after morning feeding. Inoculant of cellulolytic bacteria was prepared and in vitro gas production, digestibility and enzyme activity were measured (6 replicates). Treatments were including: rumen fluid of camels fed cultivable forage × wheat straw and or atriplex as a substrate and rumen fluid of camels fed pasture forage × wheat straw and or atriplex as a substrate. The result showed, after 96 hours incubation, the produced gas and actual digested organic matter for treatments 1 and 4 were higher (P≤0.01). However, the ammonia-N was affeted by treatments at 24 and 48 h incubation (P≤0.05). Digestibility of dry matter, organic matter and natural detergent fiber by bacteria were influenced by treatments (P≤0.01). The results revealed that the activity of endoglucanase and exoglucanase in treatments 1 and 3 at 48 h incubation (P≤0.01) and values of treatment 4 at 96 h was the highest (P≤0.01). Therefore, pasture forage such atriplex caused to a silent delay in starting bacteria fermentation activity in camels, then primary delay was compensated by adaptation to the substrate. Also feeding of C4 pasture forage to camels improved the fiber degradability and enzyme activity of rumen bacteria in compared with C3 cultivable forage.
این آزمایش برای ارزیابی فعالیت باکتری‌های سلولولیتیک شکمبه شترهای عربی تک کوهانه تغذیه شده با علوفه زراعی و مرتعی انجام شد. شترهای عربی فیستولا گذاری شده، برای 35 روز در دو دوره در قالب یک طرح چرخشی با علوفه زراعی و مرتعی تغذیه شدند (4 شتر برای هر علوفه). مایع شکمبه بعد از خوراکدهی صبحگاهی جمع‌آوری شد. مایع تلقیح باکتری‌های سلولولیتیک تهیه و تولید گاز، هضم‌پذیری و فعالیت آنزیمی اندازه‌گیری شد (6 تکرار). تیمارها شامل مایع شکمبه شترهای تغذیه شده با علوفه زراعیو کاه گندم یا آتریپلکس به عنوان سوبسترا و مایع شکمبه شترهای تغذیه شده با علوفه مرتعیو کاه گندم یا آتریپلکس به عنوان سوبسترا بودند. نتایج نشان داد بعد از 96 ساعت انکوباسیون، گاز تولید شده و ماده آلی واقعا هضم شده برای تیمارهای 1 و 4 بالاتر بود (01/0P≤). در حالیکه ازت آمونیاکی بعد از 24 و 48 ساعت، تحت تأثیر تیمارها قرار گرفت (05/0P≤). هضم‌پذیری ماده خشک، ماده آلی و الیاف نامحلول در شوینده خنثی باکتری‌ها توسط تیمارها تحت تأثیر قرار گرفت (01/0P≤). نتایج مشخص کرد فعالیت اندوگلوکاناز و اگزوگلوکاناز در تیمارهای 1 و 3 بعد از 48 ساعت انکوباسیون (01/0P≤) و مقادیر تیمار 4 بعد از 96 ساعت انکوباسیون بالاترین مقدار بود (01/0P≤). بنابراین علوفه مرتعی مانند آتریپلکس باعث تأخیر در شروع فعالیت تخمیر باکتری‌های شکمبه شترها شدند، بعداً تأخیر اولیه با تطابق یافتن به سوبسترا جبران می‌شود. همچنین تغذیه علوفه مرتعی C4به شترها، هضم‌پذیری فیبر و فعالیت آنزیمی باکتری‌های شکمبه را در مقایسه با علوفه زراعی C3بهبود داد.
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