Effects of Organic and Inorganic Selenium Supplementation with Vitamin E during the Flushing Period on Reproductive Performance of Ghezel Ewes
محورهای موضوعی : Camelح. دقیق‌کیا 1 , س. ساعدی 2 , ع. حسین‌خانی 3
1 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
2 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
3 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
کلید واژه: vitamin E, reproductive performance, flushing, selenium, Ghezel ewes, blood hormones,
چکیده مقاله :
Minerals and vitamins play an important role in animal nutrition with beneficial effects on animal reproductive performance. To investigate this issue, 44 Ghezel ewes weighing 55± 2 kg (Mean±SD) and 2-3 years old were randomly divided into groups (n=11), to investigate the effect of the selenium and vitamin E supplementation on blood hormones and metabolites and possible reproductive performanceof Ghezel ewes. Treatments were consisted of group A: as control, B: flushing diet containing barley grain (73%), C: flushing diet + vitamin E (48 mg/day) + organic selenium (selenoproteins, 13.5 mg/day) and D: flushing diet + vitamin E (48 mg/day) + inorganic selenium (sodium selenite, 1.35 mg/day). The estrous cycles of the ewes were synchronized by application of a controlled internal drug release (CIDR) for 14 day. The results showed that the highest lambing rates (136.4%) and numbers of offspring (n=15) were in group C. Hormonal measurements including estrogen, progesterone and insulin revealed the relationship of these hormones with reproductive performance of ewes with the highest concentrations of estrogen and insulin (in estrus) and progesterone (in three weeks after mating) in groups C and D (P<0.05). Glucose and cholesterol levels of groups C and D increased significantly during the day prior to CIDR removal, estrus and three weeks after mating (P<0.05). Total protein and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels of B, C and D groups enhanced significantly in all times compared to the control group (P<0.05). Using inorganic and organic selenium in flushing diet had similar effects on blood metabolites and hormones related to reproductive performance.
مواد معدنی و ویتامینها نقش مهمی در تغذیه حیوانات ایفاء کرده و اثرات مفیدی بر عملکرد تولیدمثلی حیوانات دارند. به منظور بررسی اثر مکمل سلنیوم و ویتامین E بر هورمونها، متابولیتهای خونی و عملکرد تولیدمثلی، 44 میش قزل 3-2 ساله با میانگین وزنی 2 ± 55 کیلوگرم به طور تصادفی در 4 گروه تیماری (11=n) مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند. تیمارها مشتمل بر؛ گروه A: شاهد؛ گروه B: جیره فلاشینگ با دانه جو (73 درصد)؛ گروه C: جیره فلاشینگ + ویتامین E (48 میلیگرم در روز) + سلنیوم آلی (سلنوپروتئین، 35/1 میلیگرم در روز) و گروه D: جیره فلاشینگ + ویتامین E (48 میلیگرم در روز) + سلنیوم معدنی (سلنیت سدیم، 35/1 میلیگرم در روز). چرخههای فحلی میشها با استفاده از سیدر (CIDR) به مدت 14 روز، همزمان گردیدند. نتایج نشان دادند که بالاترین میزان بره‌زایی (4/136 درصد) و تعداد بره متولد شده (15=n) متعلق به گروه تیماری C بود. اندازهگیری سطوح هورمونی استروژن، پروژسترون و انسولین بیانگر ارتباط این هورمونها با عملکرد تولیدمثلی میشها بود بطوریکه بالاترین میزان استروژن و انسولین (در فحلی) و پروژسترون (3 هفته بعد از جفتگیری) متعلق به گروههای تیماری C و D بود (05/0˂P). سطوح گلوکز و کلسترول در گروههای تیماری C و D روز قبل از سیدر برداری، فحلی و 3 هفته بعد از جفتگیری به طور معنیداری افزایش یافت (05/0˂P). در تمام دوره های آزمایشی، سطوح پروتئین تام و نیتروژن اورهای خون (BUN) در گروههای تیماری B، C و D نسبت به گروه شاهد افزایش معنیداری داشت (05/0˂P). استفاده از سلنیوم آلی و یا معدنی در جیره فلاشینگ اثرات مشابهی در متابولیتهای خونی و هورمونهای مرتبط با عملکرد تولیدمثلی داشت.
Adamiak S.J., Mackie K., Watt R.G., Webb R. and Sinclair K.D. (2005). Impact of nutrition on oocyte quality: Cumulative effects of body composition and diet leading to hyperinsulinemia in cattle. Biol. Reprod. 73, 918-926.
Albertini D. and Barrett S. (2002). Oocyte-somatic cell communication. Reprod. Suppl. 61, 49-54.
Anke M., Angelow L., Groppel B., Arnhold W. and Gruhn K. (1989). The effect of selenium deficiency on reproduction and milk performance of goats. Arch. Tierernahr. 39, 483-490.
Baiomy A.A. and Suliman A.I. )2012(. Effects of zinc, selenium and vitamin e injections on the concentration of fatty acids, conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers and cholesterol in OSSIMI ewes' blood and milk. Egyption J. Anim. Prod. 49, 135-141.
Balicka-Ramisz A., Pilarczyk B., Ramisz A. and Wieczorek M. (2006). Effects of selenium administration on blood serum Se content and on selected reproductive characteristics of sheep. Arch. Tierz. 49, 176-180.
Bao B., Thomas M., Griffith M., Burghardt R. and Williams G. (1995). Steroidogenic activity, insulin-like growth factor-I production, and proliferation of granulosa and theca cells obtained from dominant preovulatory and nonovulatory follicles during the bovine estrous cycle: Effects of low-density and high-density lipoproteins. Biol. Reprod. 53, 1271-1279.
Basini G. and Tamanini C. (2000). Selenium stimulates estradiol production in bovine granulosa cells: possible involvement of nitric oxide. Domest. Anim. Endocrinol. 18, 1-17.
Brenta G. (2011). Why can insulin resistance be a natural consequence of thyroid dysfunction? J. Thyroid Res. 2011, 1-9.
Cam M.A. and Kuran M. (2004). GnRH agonist treatment on day 12 post-mating to improve reproductive performance in goats. Small Rumin. Res. 52, 169-172.
Daghighkia H., Mohamadi Chapdareh W., Hossein Khani A., Moghaddam G., Rashidi A., Sadri H. and Alijani S. (2012). Effects of flushing and hormonal treatment on reproductive performance of Iranian Markhoz goats. J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. 96, 1157-1164.
Daghighkia H. and Safdar A.H.A. (2015). Effects of calcium salts of fatty acids (CSFA) with different profiles (ω3 and ω6) during the flushing period on reproductive performance of ‘Afshari’ewes. Small Rumin. Res. 126, 1-8.
El-Shahat K. and Abdel Monem U. (2011). Effects of dietary supplementation with vitamin E and/or selenium on metabolic and reproductive performance of Egyptian Baladi ewes under subtropical conditions.J. World Appl. Sci. 12, 1492-1499.
Fridlyand L. and Philipson L. (2006). Reactive species and early manifestation of insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Obes. Metab. 8, 136-145.
Goto Y., Noda Y., Narimoto K., Umaoka Y. and Mori T. (1992). Oxidative stress on mouse embryo development in vitro. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 13, 47-53.
Grazul-Bilska A.T., Neville T.L., Borowczyk E., Sharma A., Reynolds L.P., Caton J.S., Redmer D.A. and Vonnahme K.A. (2014). Ovarian and uterine characteristics and onset of puberty in adolescent offspring: Effects of maternal diet and selenium supplementation in sheep. Theriogenology. 81, 887-895.
Ha E.J. and Smith A.M. (2003). Plasma selenium and plasma and erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase activity increase with estrogen during the menstrual cycle. J. Am. Coll. Nutr. 22, 43-51.
Harrison J.H., Hancock D.D. and Conrad H. (1984). Vitamin E and selenium for reproduction of the dairy cow. J. Dairy Sci. 67, 123-132.
Hefnawy A.E.G. and Tórtora-Pérez J. (2010). The importance of selenium and the effects of its deficiency in animal health. Small Rumin. Res. 89, 185-192.
Hess B., Lake S., Scholljegerdes E., Weston T., Nayigihugu V., Molle J. and Moss G. (2005). Nutritional controls of beef cow reproduction. J. Anim. Sci. 83, 90-106.
Hoon J., Herselman M., Van Heerden M. and Pretorius A. (2000). The effect of bypass protein supplementation on the reproductive performance of Merino sheep grazing mixed karoo veld. South African J. Anim. Sci. 30, 60-61.
Jack Y.N. and Desai I.D. (1977). Effect of high levels of dietary vitamin E on liver and plasma lipids and fat soluble vitamins in rats. J. Nutr. 107, 1418-1426.
Juniper D.T., Phipps R.H., Jones A.K. and Bertin G. (2006). Selenium supplementation of lactating dairy cows: Effect on selenium concentration in blood, milk, urine, and feces. J. Dairy Sci. 89, 3544-3551.
Kato H., Sugino N., Takiguchi S., Kashida S. and Nakamura Y. (1997). Roles of reactive oxygen species in the regulation of luteal function. Rev.Reprod. 2, 81-83.
Lekatz L., Caton J., Taylor J., Reynolds L., Redmer D. and Vonnahme K. (2010). Maternal selenium supplementation and timing of nutrient restriction in pregnant sheep: Effects on maternal endocrine status and placental characteristics. J. Anim. Sci. 88, 955-971.
Makkawi A.A., Hamra A. and El -Abdala S.B. (2009). Effects of vitamin E and selenium on leukocytic profile and reproductive performance in Awassi ewes. Univ. Khartoum J. Vet. Med. Anim. Prod. 5, 3-10.
Meshreky S.Z. and Metry G.H. (2000). Effect of vitamin E and/or selenium on reproductive performance of New Zealand and White Baladi black doe rabbit under climate conditions of middle Egypt. Pp. 6-9 in Proc. Egyptian Soc. Anim. Prod., Alexandria, Egypt.
Mistry H.D., Wilson V., Ramsay M.M., Symonds M.E. and Pipkin F.B. (2008). Reduced selenium concentrations and glutathione peroxidase activity in preeclamptic pregnancies. Hypertension. 52, 881-888.
Moustafa M.E., Kumaraswamy E., Zhong N., Rao M., Carlson B.A. and Hatfield D.L. (2003). Models for assessing the role of selenoproteins in health.J. Nutr. 133, 2494-2496.
Naqvi S., Soren N. and Karim S. (2011). Effect of concentrate supplementation on performance, ovarian response, and some biochemical profile of Malpura ewes. Trop. Anim. Health Prod. 43, 905-913.
Naqvi S.M.K., Sejian V. and Karim S.A. (2012). Effect of feed flushing during summer season on growth, reproductive performance and blood metabolites in Malpura ewes under semiarid tropical environment. Trop. Anim. Health Prod. 45, 143-148.
NRC. (1985). Nutrient Requirements of Sheep. National Academy Press, Washington, DC, USA.
Pappas A., Zoidis E., Surai P. and Zervas G. (2008). Selenoproteins and maternal nutrition. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B: Biochem. Mol. Biol. 151, 361-372.
Paszkowski T., Traub A., Robinson S. and McMaster D. (1995). Selenium dependent glutathione peroxidase activity in human follicular fluid. Clin. Chim. Acta. 236, 173-180.
Robinson R., Pushpakumara P., Cheng Z., Peters A., Abayasekara D. and Wathes D. (2002). Effects of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids on ovarian and uterine function in lactating dairy cows. J. Reprod. 124, 119-131.
Rooke J., Robinson J. and Arthur J. (2004). Effects of vitamin E and selenium on the performance and immune status of ewes and lambs. J. Agric. Sci. 142, 253-262.
Sánchez J., Jiménez A., Regodón S. and Andrés S. (2008). Inhibitory effect of selenium supplementation on the reproductive performance in synchronized merino sheep at range conditions in a selenium‐deficient area. Reprod. Domest. Anim. 43, 328-332.
SAS Institute. (2003). SAS®/STAT Software, Release 9.1. SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, NC. USA.
Savion N., Lui G.M., Laherty R. and Gspoadarowicz D. (1981). Factors controlling proliferation and progesterone production by bovine granulosa cells in serum-free medium. Endocrinology. 109, 409-420.
Scaramuzzi R.J., Campbell B.K., Downing J.A., Kendall N.R., Khalid M., Muñoz-Gutiérrez M. and Somchit A. (2006). A review of the effects of supplementary nutrition in the ewe on the concentrations of reproductive and metabolic hormones and the mechanisms that regulate folliculogenesis and ovulation rate.Reprod. Nutr. Dev. 46, 339-354.
Segerson E.C. and Libby D.W. (1982). Ova fertilization and sperm number per fertilized ovum for selenium and vitamin E-treated charolais cattle. Theriogenology. 17, 333-341.
Sen W., Fucai C., Yanyan W. and Zhanqin Z. (2011). Effects of selenium supplement on the serum hormone concentration and super ovulation effect of Suffolk sheep. Chinese Agric. Sci. Bull. 23, 9-23.
Shkolnik K., Tadmor A., Ben-Dor S., Nevo N., Galiani D. and Dekel N. (2011). Reactive oxygen species are indispensable in ovulation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 108, 1462-1467.
Staples C., Burke J. and Thatcher W. (1998). Influence of supplemental fats on reproductive tissues and performance of lactating cows.J. Dairy Sci. 81, 856-871.
Sugino N., Takiguchi S., Kashida S., Karube A., Nakamura Y. and Kato H. (2000). Superoxide dismutase expression in the human corpus luteum during the menstrual cycle and in early pregnancy. Mol. Hum. Reprod. 6, 19-25.
Taniguchi K., Taketani T., Lee L.M., Kizuka F., Tamura I. and Sugino N. (2009). Melatonin protects granulosa cells for pro- gesterone production as an antioxidant in human ovarian follicles. Biol. Reprod. 81, 378-378.
Van Niekerk D. (1996). The effect of selenium supplementation during the early post-mating period on embryonic survival in sheep. J. South African Vet. Assoc. 67, 209-213.
Ziaei N. (2014). Effect of selenium and vitamin E supplementation on reproductive indices and biochemical metabolites in Raieni goats. J. Appl. Anim. Res. 43(4), 1-5.
