In Silico Prediction of B-Cell and T-Cell Epitopes of Protective Antigen of Bacillus anthracis in Development of Vaccines Against Anthrax
محورهای موضوعی : Camelم. طهمورثپور 1 , ن. نظیفی 2 , ز. پیرخضرانیان 3
1 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
2 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
3 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
کلید واژه: epitope prediction, protective antigen (PA), <, i>, anthracis<, /i>, ,
چکیده مقاله :
Protective antigen (PA), a subunit of anthrax toxin from Bacillus anthracis, is known as a dominant component in subunit vaccines in protection against anthrax. In order to avoid the side effects of live attenuated and killed organisms, the use of linear neutralizing epitopes of PA is recommended in order to design recombinant vaccines. The present study is aimed at determining the dominant epitopes based on multi-parameter and multi-method analysis. The epitopes were identified by the well-known online bioinformatics server and then they were selected and compared based on the highest score and the highest repetition rate. Further analysis on predicted epitopes has been carried out by online VaxiJen 2.0 and Protein Digest server. Among the selected epitopes, those with the highest antigenicity score (>0.9 threshold) and less susceptibility to gastrointestinal tract proteases, were selected as final epitopes. Final B-cell predicted epitopes were amino acid residues 292-308, 507-521 and 706-719; residues 17-31, 315-329 and 385-400 which were determined as the best major histocompatibility complex I (MHCI) class of T-cells epitopes; in addition, residues 455-464 and 661-669 were also considered the best MCHII class of T-cells epitopes. Since random coil structure had a high probability of protein forming of antigenic epitope, the results of secondary structure analysis of the final PA epitopes have shown that all these epitopes form a 100% random coil structure.
آنتیژن حفاظتی (PA) زیر واحدی از توکسین سیاه زخم در باکتری Anthracis میباشد که به عنوان یک عامل مهم در واکسنهای حفاظت در برابر بیماری سیاه زخم شناخته شده است. یکی از اهداف طراحی واکسنهای نوترکیب اجتناب از عوارض جانبی ارگانیسمهای کشته شده یا ضعیف شده با استفاده از اپیتوپهای خطی خنثیساز آنتیژنهای حفاظتی میباشد. مطالعه حاضر با هدف تعیین اپیتوپهای غالب بر اساس آنالیزهای چند پارامتری انجام شد. از سرورهای بیوانفورماتیکی آنلاین شناخته شده به منظور پیشبینی اپیتوپها استفاده شد و بر اساس بالاترین امتیاز و بیشترین تکرار در نرم افزارهای مورد استفاده، بهترین اپیتوپها انتخاب شدند. تجزیه و تحلیلهای بیشتر در مورد اپیتوپهای پیشبینی شده با استفاده از نرم افزار آنلاین VaxiJen 2.0 و سرورهای هضم پروتئینی (Protein Digest) انجام پذیرفت. در میان اپیتوپهای انتخاب شده در مراحل قبل، آنهایی که دارای بالاترین آنتیژنسیته با حد آستانه 5/0 و کمترین جایگاه محدودکننده پروتئازهای دستگاه گوارش بودند به عنوان اپیتوپهای نهایی انتخاب شدند. اپیتوپهای نهایی برای سلولهای B شامل اسیدآمینههای 308-292، 521-507 و 719-706 بودند. همچنین اسیدآمینههای 31-17، 329-315 و 400-385 به عنوان بهترین اپیتوپهای کلاس MCHI سلولهای T و اسیدآمینههای شماره 464-455 و 669-661 به عنوان بهترین اپیتوپهای انتخابی برای کلاس MCHII در سلولهای T پیشبینی شدند. از آنجایی که وجود ساختار پیچههای تصادفی موجب بالا رفتن احتمال شکلگیری اپیتوپ آنتیژنتیک در ساختار پروتئین میشود، آنالیز نهایی ساختار دوم برای اپیتوپهای نهایی PA نشان داد که تمام این اپیتوپها دارای ۱۰۰ درصد ساختار مارپیچ تصادفی (نامنظم) هستند.
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