Effects of Dietary Conjugated Linoleic Acid and n-3 Fatty Acids on the Performance, Carcass Traits and Small Intestinal Morphology of Broiler Chickens
محورهای موضوعی : Camelم. نصرتی 1 , ب. نویدشاد 2 , م. ملکی 3
1 - Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
2 - Department of Animal Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
3 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
کلید واژه: Performance, fish oil, broiler chickens, carcass traits, CLA, Intestine morphology,
چکیده مقاله :
An experiment was conducted on broiler chickens to study the effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), fish oil, both at 7% of the diet, or their mixtures at 3.5% of the diet, on the performance, carcass traits and intestinal morphology of broiler chickens. The chicks fed with 7% fish oil or 7% CLA diets, were found to have an inferior weight gain in grower and finisher phases, respectively. A significant reduction in feed intake was observed with the diets containing 7% fish oil. However, adding CLA to the diets, did not affect birds feed intake. The dietary fish oil and CLA supplementation adversely affected the feed conversion ratio as well as carcass yield. CLA at the 7% level increased liver weight. There were no differences in the carcass, thigh or abdominal fat pad percentages between the experimental treatments; however the birds fed the diet containing 7% fish oil had the lowest breast and the highest liver percentages. Histological examination of small intestine revealed that, the diet containing 3.5% fish oil + 3.5% CLA resulted in higher villus height than the diets with 7% fish oil or CLA. Such an increase was observed in the crypt depth of the duodenum and jejunum, but no difference was detected in the crypt depth of the ileum. The small intestinal wall thickness and goblet cell numbers in the chickens fed the diet containing the mixture of fish oil and CLA were lower than those of the other treatments. The results of this study showed that a high dose of fish oil or CLA can reduce broiler chickens performance, but their combination can moderate this adverse effect.
این آزمایش در جوجه‌های گوشتی به منظور بررسی اثرات اسید لینولئیک کنژوگه (CLA)، روغن ماهی در سطح 7 درصد و یا مخلوط 5/3 درصد از هریک از آنها در جیره غذایی، بر صفات تولیدی و لاشه و همچنین ریخت شناسی روده جوجه‌های گوشتی انجام گرفت. جوجه‌های تغذیه شده با جیره‌های حاوی 7 درصد روغن ماهی یا 7 درصد CLA اثر نامطلوبی بر افزایش وزن در فازهای رشد و پایانی داشتند. کاهشی معنی دار در مصرف خوراک در مورد جیره‌های حاوی 7 درصد روغن ماهی مشاهده شد. با این حال، افزودن CLA به جیره‌ها اثری بر مصرف خوراک در پرنده‌ها نداشت. مکمل‌سازی روغن ماهی و CLA در جیره به طور نامطلوبی ضریب تبدیل غذایی و نیز صفات لاشه را تحت تأثیر قرار داد. CLA در سطح 7 درصد باعث افزایش وزن کبد شد. تفاوتی در درصد لاشه، ران یا چربی حفره بطنی بین تیمارهای آزمایشی دیده نشد، با این جود، پرنده‌های تغذیه شده با جیره حاوی 7 درصد روغن ماهی دارای کمترین درصد سینه و بالاتری درصد کبد بودند. ارزیابی بافت شناسی روده کوچک مشخص نمود که جیره حاوی 5/3 درصد روغن ماهی + 5/3 درصد CLA باعث بالاترین ارتفاع ویلی در مقایسه با جیره‌های حاوی 7 درصد روغن ماهی یا CLA شد. چنین افزایشی در عمق کریپت دودنوم و ژژنوم مشاهده گردید، اما تفاوتی در عمق کریپت ایلئوم دیده نشد. ضخامت دیواره روه کوچک و تعداد سلول گابلت در جوجه‌های تغذیه شده با جیره حاوی مخلوط روغن ماهی و CLA پایین‌تر از سایر تیمارها بود. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که یک دز بالا از روغن ماهی یا CLA می‌تواند بازدهی تولیدی جوجه‌های گوشتی را کاهش دهد، اما ترکیب آنها می‌تواند این اثر مضر را تعدیل نماید
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