Developing a Modified in vitro Gas Production Technique to Replace the Nylon Bag Method of Evaluating Protein Degradation of Alfalfa Hay in Ruminants
محورهای موضوعی : Camel
ا. آقاجانزاده گلشنی
1
(
Department of Animal Science, Shabestar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shabestar, Iran
)
ن. ماهری سیس
2
(
Department of Animal Science, Shabestar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shabestar, Iran
)
ر. سلامت دوست نوبر
3
(
Department of Animal Science, Shabestar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shabestar, Iran
)
ی. ابراهیم نژاد
4
(
Department of Animal Science, Shabestar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shabestar, Iran
)
ا. قربانی
5
(
Department of Animal Science, Shabestar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shabestar, Iran
)
کلید واژه: alfalfa, gas production, faeces, nylon bag,
چکیده مقاله :
The present study was conducted to investigate the possibility of using a modified in vitro gas production technique in place of the nylon bag method to estimate protein degradability of alfalfa hay in ruminants. In the in situ experiment dacron bags were filled with 3 g alfalfa hay. This was incubated in the rumen of three ruminally cannulated Ghezel rams for the periods of 0, 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 24, 36 and 48 h. At the end of the experiment, dry matter, organic matter and crude protein degradability (CPD) were calculated. In the in vitro experiment, buffered rumen fluid was prepared in a solution of 19:1 artificial saliva to rumen fluid, which was pre-incubated by rapidly fermentable carbohydrates for 4 h. After pre-incubation, 30 mL of the buffered rumen fluid were added to 100 mL syringes, containing the alfalfa sample, with 7.5 mg N. The samples were incubated for 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 36, 48, 60 and 72 hours, after which net gas production was computed. In the third experiment, 25 grams of faeces were mixed with 50 mL of artificial saliva, which was then made up to 1 liter by adding more artificial saliva and filtered. Then, the suspension was pre-incubated for 4 h. After pre-incubation, the same steps used to measure gas production were conducted. Results showed that there were significant differences between gas production with rumen liquor and faeces suspension at 2, 4, 24, 36 and 48 h of incubation, while no significant differences were found at other incubation times. There was a close relationship between crude protein degradation at different times and amount of gas production using rumen liquor [CPD= 58.93 + 0.32 gas (r2=0.76, n=18)] and fecal suspension [CPD= 58.38 + 0.27 gas (r2=0.60, n=18)]. The results indicated that faeces suspension can be used instead of rumen liquor as the medium in the gas production method. Development of the gas production technique could result in reducing the need to use fistulated animals in feed evaluation studies.
این مطالعه به منظور بررسی امکان استفاده از روش تولید گاز آزمایشگاهی تغییر یافته به جای روش کیسه‌های نایلونی برای برآورد تجزیهپذیری پروتئین یونجه خشک در نشخوارکنندگان به اجرا در آمد. در آزمایش کیسه‌های نایلونی مقدار سه گرم از نمونه یونجه داخل کیسه‌های داکرونی ریخته شد. کیسه‌ها به مدت صفر، 2، 4، 8، 12، 16، 24، 36 و 48 ساعت در شکمبه سه رأس گوسفند نر قزل کانوله‌دار انکوبه شدند. در پایان آزمایش تجزیهپذیری ماده خشک، ماده آلی و پروتئین محاسبه شدند. در آزمایش تولید گاز، شیرابه شکمبه بافری شده به نسبت 19 قسمت بزاق مصنوعی و یک قسمت شیرابه شکمبه تهیه و با کربوهیدرات سریع قابل تخمیر به مدت 4 ساعت پیش انکوبه شد. بعد از پیش انکوباسیون مقدار 30 میلی‌لیتر از این محلول داخل سرنگ 100 میلی‌لیتری که درون آن مقداری نمونه یونجه که دارای 5/7 میلی‌گرم نیتروژن بود، ریخته شد. نمونه‌ها در زمان‌های 2، 4، 6، 8، 12، 16، 24، 36، 48، 60 و 72 ساعت انکوبه شدند و بعد از آن گاز خالص تولیدی محاسبه شد. در سومین آزمایش 25 گرم از نمونه مدفوع با 50 میلی‌لیتر بزاق مصنوعی مخلوط شده و با اضافه کردن بزاق مصنوعی، حجم آن به یک لیتر رسانده شده و صاف گردید. سپس این سوسپانسیون به مدت 4 ساعت پیش انکوبه شد. پس از پیش انکوباسیون مراحل تولید گاز همانند روش معمول انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که اختلاف معنی داری بین تولید گاز با شیرابه شکمبه و مدفوع در زمان‌های 2، 4، 24، 36 و 48 ساعت انکوباسیون وجود داشت در حالی‌که در بقیه ساعت‌های انکوباسیون اختلاف معنی داری وجود نداشت. رابطه نزدیکی بین تجزیهپذیری پروتئین خام در ساعت‌های مختلف انکوباسیون و مقدار گاز تولیدی با استفاده از شیرابه شکمبه (18= n و 76/0= r2وگاز 32/0+93/58=تجزیهپذیری پروتئین خام) و سوسپانسیون مدفوع (18= n و 60/0= r2وگاز 27/0+38/58=تجزیهپذیری پروتئین خام) وجود داشت. نتایج نشان داد که سوسپانسیون مدفوع می‌تواند به جای شیرابه شکمبه در روش تولید گاز آزمایشگاهی استفاده شود. توسعه این روش تولید گاز آزمایشگاهی می‌تواند باعث کاهش نیاز به دام‌های فیستوله‌گذاری شده در آزمایش‌های ارزیابی مواد خوراکی شود.
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