Effect of Dietary Crude Protein Level on UT-B Expression and Nitrogen Efficiency in Growing Baluchi Male Lambs Fed Low or High Concentrate Diets

محورهای موضوعی : Camel

ا. ابراهیمی خرم آبادی ¹ , ع.م. طهماسبی ² , م. دانش مسگران ³ , ع.ع. ناصریان ⁴ , ع. وکیلی ⁵

1 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
2 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
3 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, IranDepartment of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
4 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
5 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

تاریخ دریافت : 1393/03/17 تاریخ پذیرش : 1393/08/24 تاریخ انتشار : 1394/03/11

کلید واژه: Sheep, crude protein level, forage to concentrate ratio, urea transporter B expression,

چکیده مقاله :

An experiment was carried out to evaluate how interactions between forage to concentrate ratio and dietary crude protein level may alter nitrogen efficiency and UT-B expression in growing Baluchi male lambs. Four Baluchi male lambs [30 ± 2 kg BW] were used in a 4 × 4 latin square design with 28-d periods and a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of dietary treatments. The treatments fed forage: concentrate [FC; DM basis] ratios of 45:55 low concentrate (LC) or 25:75 high concentrate (HC) with dietary levels of CP of 14 low protein (LP) or 18% high protein (HP) [CP, DM basis]. Dry matter intake increased as dietary concentrate level increased. Treatments, dietary CP content and F: C ratio had significant effect on CP intake. Increasing dietary N content of the diet increased dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and organic matter (OM) digestibility. Forage to concentrate ratio had a significant effect on neutral detergent fiber(NDF) and OM digestibility. Treatments had significant effect on the CP, NDF and OM digestibility. There were an interaction between dietary CP content and F: C ratio on the ruminal pH, NH3-N concentration, individual volatile fatty acids (VFA) concentration, acetate: propionate ratio and BUN concentration. Except ruminal pH, all ruminal fermentation and blood metabolitefactors were affected by both dietaryCP content and F: C ratio in trial.Treatments had significant influence on the NI (g/d) and urinary N excretion (g/d) (% of N intake). Also, both dietary CP content and F: C ratio had significant effect on NI. The lambs consume high crude protein treatments tended to have greater urinary N excretion (g/d) than those consume low crude protein treatments. The F: C ratio had a significant effect on urinary N excretion (g/d). Approximately 6.56 times more UT-B was expressed by the rumen ventral sac for lambs on the treatments contain 18% crude protein relative to those on the treatments contain 14% crude protein. In conclusion this study shows that changes in characteristic of the diet produce significant changes in UT-B urea transporter expression within the ovine rumen. Changing urea entry into the GIT via dietary regulation of UT-B could serve as important mechanism to maintenance of nitrogen balance and increase nitrogen efficiency in Baluchi growing lambs. Our findings suggest that the dietary regulation of urea transporters plays a major role in altering urea entry into the gastrointestinal tract.

چکیده انگلیسی:

به منظور بررسی اثرات همزمان نسبت‌های مختلف علوفه به کنسانتره و مقادیر مختلف پروتئین‌خام خوراک بر کنترل نیتروژن اوره‌ای بازگردانده شده به شکمبه و تنظیم بیان ژن ناقل اوره (نوع ب)، از چهار رأس بره نر بلوچی (2±30 کیلوگرم) در قالب طرح مربع لاتین 4 × 4، استفاده شد. مدت هر دوره آزمایشی 28 روز (21 روز عادت پذیری و 6 روز جمع‌آوری اطلاعات و نمونه ‌برداری) بود. تیمارهای آزمایشی از ترکیب دو نسبت کنسانتره به علوفه (بر اساس ماده خشک) 45 به 55 درصد و 25 به 75 درصد و دو مقدار پروتئین خام (بر اساس ماده خشک) 14 درصد و 18 درصد تشکیل شده بودند. با افزایش نسبت کنسانتره به علوفه، مصرف ماده خشک به طور معنی ‌داری افزایش یافت. تیمار‌ها، مقدار پروتئین ‌خام و نسبت کنسانتره به علوفه تأثیر معنی ‌داری بر روی مقدار مصرف پروتئین خام داشتند. با افزایش مقدار نیتروژن خوراک، قابلیت هضم ماده خشک، پروتئین خام و ماده آلی به طور معنی ‌داری افزایش یافت. نسبت کنسانتره به علوفه تأثیر معنی ‌داری بر روی قابلیت هضم فیبر نامحلول در شوینده خنثی و ماده آلی داشت. تیمار‌ها نیز تأثیر معنی ‌داری بر روی قابلیت هضم پروتئین خام، شوینده خنثی و ماده آلی داشتند. اثر متقابل بین سطح پروتئین‌خام و نسبت کنسانتره به علوفه تأثیر معنی ‌داری بر روی pH، غلظت نیتروژن آمونیاکی، غلظت اسیدهای چرب فرار، نسبت استات به پروپیونات و غلظت نیتروژن اوره‌ای خون داشت. به جز pH، تمامی فاکتور‌های تخمیر شکمبه‌ای و متابولیت‌های خونی تحت تأثیر سطح پروتئین‌خام و نسبت کنسانتره به علوفه قرار گرفتند. تیمارها تأثیر معنی ‌داری بر روی میزان دریافت نیتروژن (گرم در روز) و میزان دفع نیتروژن از طریق ادرار (گرم در روز، درصدی از نیتروژن خوراک) داشتند. همچنین هر دو عامل سطح پروتئین‌خام و نسبت کنسانتره به علوفه تأثیر معنی‌ داری بر روی میزان دریافت نیتروژن داشتند. میزان دفع نیتروژن از طریق ادرار (گرم در روز) در بره‌های مصرف کننده تیمارهای دارای 18 درصد پروتئین ‌خام، بیشتر بود. نسبت کنسانتره به علوفه تأثیر معنی ‌داری بر روی میزان دفع نیتروژن از طریق ادرار (گرم در روز) داشت. میزان بیان ژن ناقل اوره (نوع ب) در بره‌های مصرف کننده تیمارهای دارای 18 درصد پروتئین خام، 56/6 بار بیشتر از بره‌های مصرف کننده تیمارهای دارای 14 درصد پروتئین خام بود. این نتایج نشان می‌دهد که می‌توان از طریق تغییر نسبت علوفه به کنسانتره و سطح پروتئین خام خوراک، میزان بیان ژن ناقل اوره و در نهایت میزان نیتروژن اوره‌ای بازگردانده شده به شکمبه را کنترل کرد. لذا تنظیم ناقل‌های اوره در دیواره شکمبه از طریق خوراک می‌تواند نقش مهمی در کنترل نیتروژن اوره‌ای وارد شده به مسیر هضمی ایفا کند.

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