Potential for Using Leucaena leucocephala or Manihot esculenta Leaves for Supplementing Feeding of Goats in West Cameroon
محورهای موضوعی : CamelF. Tendonkeng 1 , B. Boukila 2 , T.E. Pamo 3
1 - University of Dschang, FASA, Department of Animal Sciences, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, PO Box: 222, Dschang, Cameroon
2 - Institut National Supérieur d’Agronomie et de Biotechnologie (INSAB) Université des Sciences Techniques de Masuku. B. P. 941 Masuku, Gabon
3 - University of Dschang, FASA, Department of Animal Sciences, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, PO Box: 222, Dschang, Cameroon
کلید واژه: growth, West African dwarf goats, supplement, <i>Leucaena leucocephala</i>, <i>Manihot esculenta</i>,
چکیده مقاله :
The study of the potntial for using Leucaena leucocephala or Manihot esculentafor supplementing feeding of West African dwarf goats were carried out from November 2003 to January 2004 inthe Experimental Farm of the Universityof Dschang. Twenty four West African dwarf goats, were divided in three groups of eight animals, each one 12 months old with average weight of 13.1±4.4 kg, were used in this study. The animals of the supplemented group received 500 gof Leucaena leucocephala(group 2) or 500 gof Manihot esculenta (group 3) per animal per day, whereas those of the control group (group 1) did not receive any supplement. The animals were weighed every 14 days for the evaluation of growth. The body condition score (BCS) was taken at the beginning and at the end of the study. A sample of 100 gof Leucaena leucocephalaor Manihot esculenta leaveswas taken for the chemical composition analysis. The supplements had a high percentage of crude proteins (26.1% DM and 28.1% DM respectively for Leucaena leucocephalaand Manihot esculenta leaves) and organic matter (91.3% DM and 92.8% DM respectively for Leucaena leucocephalaand Manihot esculenta leaves). The ash content was 8.7 and 7.3% DM for Leucaena leucocephalaand Manihot esculenta leaves, respectively. At the end of the study, the average BCS (3.9±0.1 and 3.7±0.1 for animals of group 2 and group 3) and average weight (AW) of the supplemented goats (15.5±3.7 kgand 15.4±3.3 kgfor animals of group 2 and group 3) was significantly higher (P<0.05) than that of the control group (BCS: 2.9±0.1; AW: 13.5±5.1 kg). The total weight gain was 0.7, 2.4 and 2.2 kgcorresponding to a daily average weight gain of 8.3, 30.4 and 27.6 g/d respectively for the animals of group 1, 2 and 3. The Leucaena leucocephalaor Manihot esculenta leaves significantly improved the growth of the West African dwarf goats in West Cameroon.
Chesworth J. (1996). L’alimentation Des Ruminants. In: Edition Maisonneuve et Larose. Centre Technique de Coop´eration Agricole et Rurale. Pp. 263.
Jones R.M. (1994). The role of Leucaena in improving the productivity of grazing cattle. In: Gutteridge R.C., SheltonH.M. (Eds), Forage Tree Legume in Tropical Agriculture. CAB International, UK. Pp. 232-244.
Kayouli C. and Buldgen A. (2001). Elevage Durable Dans Les Petites Exploitations Du Nord-Ouest De La Tunisie. Synthèse des résultats scientifiques destinée aux agents du développement rural. Faculté Universitaire des Sciences Agronomiques de Gembloux, Belgium. Unité de Zootehchnie, Pp. 198.
Lhoste P.D., RousseauV.J. and Soltner D. (1993). Manuel de zootechnie des régions chaudes. Les systèmes d’élevage. Collection précis d’élevage. Ministère de la coopération, Paris, France, Pp. 288.
Merkel R.C., Pond K.R., Burns C.J. and Fisher D.S. (1999). Intake, digestibility and nitrogen utilization of three tropical tree legumes I. As sole feeds compared to Asystasia intrusa and Brachiaria brizantha. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 82, 91-106.
Oteino K., Onim J.F.M. and Semenye P.P. (1992). Feed production and utilization by dual purpose goats in smallholder production systems of western Kenya. In: Stares J.E.S., Said A.N., Kategile J.A. (Eds.), The Complementarity of Feed Resources for Animal Production in Africa. Proceedings of the Joint Feed Resources Networks Workshop held in Gaborone, Botswana, 4-8 March (1991). African Feeds Research Network. International Livestock Centre for Africa(ILCA), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Palmer B. and Tatang M.I. (1996). Calliandra calothyrsusforage for the tropics-a current assessment. In: Evans, D.O. (Ed.), Proceeding International Workshop on the Genus Calliandra. Winrock Int. Bogor, Indonesia, Pp. 183-194.
Pamo T.E., Kennang T.B.A. and et Kangmo M.V. (2001). Etude comparée des performances pondérales des chèvres naines de Guinée supplémentées auLeucaena leucocephala au Gliricidia sepium ou au tourteau de coton dans l’Ouest Cameroun. Tropicultura. 19, 10-14.
Pamo T.E., Tendonkeng F., Kadjio J.T.T., Kwami H.N., Taboum R.K., Kana J.R. and Tegodjeu A. (2002).Evaluationof the comparative growth and reproductive performance of West African Dwarf Goat in the Western Highland of Cameroon. In:Development and field evaluation of Animal Feed supplementation packages. Proceeding of the final review meeting of an IAEA Technical Cooperation Regional AFRA Project organized by the Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture and held in Cairo, Egypt, 25-29 November 2000. Pp. 87-96.
Pamo T.E., Tankou C.M., Kamga A. and et Kengni L. (2003). Introduction à La Vulgarisation Des Pratiques De Intégration De L'agriculture Et De L'élevage Par L'utilisation Des Plantes Agroforestières Au Cameroun. Deuxième Edition. AIEA/Université de Dschang. Pp. 84.
Pamo T.E., Tendonkeng F., Kana J.R., Loyem P.K., Tchapga E. and et Fotie F.K. (2004).Effet de différents niveaux de supplémentation avec Leucaena leucocephala sur la croissance pondérale chez la chèvre naine de Guinée. Revue Elev. Méd. Vét. Pays trop.57, 107-112.
Pamo T E., Boukila B., Fonteh F.A., Tendonkeng F., Kana J.R. and Nanda A.S. (2007). Nutritive value of some grasses and leguminous tree leaves of the Central region of Africa. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 135, 273-282.
Pamo T.E., Fonteh F.A., Tendonkeng F., Kana J.R., Boukila B., Djaga P.J. and Fomewang G.II. (2006). Influence of supplementary feeding with multipurpose leguminous tree leaves on kid growth and milk production in the West African Dwarf goat. Small Rum. Res. 63, 142-149.
Steel R.G. and Torrie J.H. (1980). Principles and Procedures of Statistics. McGraw Hill Book Co., New York, NY, USA, Pp. 633.
Sokerya S. and Rodriguez L. (2001). Foliage from cassava, flemingia macrophylla and bananas compared with grasses as forage sources for goats: effects on growth rate and intestinal nematodes. http://www.cipav.org.co/lrrd/lrrd13/2/soke132.htm.
Sokerya S. and et Preston T.R. (2003). Effect of grass or cassava foliage on the growth and nematode parasites infestation in goats fed low or high protein diets in confinement. http://www.mekarn.org/Msctheses03/keryexp1.htm.
Topps J.H. (1992). Potential, composition and use of legume shrubs and trees as fodder’s for livestock in tropics. J. Agric. Sci. 118, 1-18.
