Influence of Artichoke (Cynara scolymus) Leaf Powder on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits and Blood Parameters in Broiler Chickens

محورهای موضوعی : Camel

M. Tajodini ¹ , F. Samadi ² , S. Hasani ³ , S.R. Hashemi ⁴ , S. Samadi ⁵

1 - Department of Animal Physiology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
2 - Department of Animal Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
3 - Department of Animal Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
4 - Department of Animal Science, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
5 - Department of Horticulture, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran

تاریخ دریافت : 1392/11/22 تاریخ پذیرش : 1393/04/24 تاریخ انتشار : 1393/12/10

کلید واژه: broiler chicken, carcass traits, artichoke, blood parameters, H:L,

چکیده مقاله :

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary artichoke supplementation on performance, carcass traits and some blood parameters of broiler chickens. A total of 300, one day old broiler chicks (Ross-308) were randomly allocated to 1 of 4 dietary treatments including: basal diet (control), basal diet supplemented with 1.5 or 3 percent of Artichoke powder and also with 300 mg/kg diet vitamin E. Each diet was offered to 5 replicates of 15 birds each for 42 days. Supplementation of 3 percent artichoke powder significantly (P<0.05) decreased body weight compared to control. A higher (P<0.05) feed intake was observed in group fed 1.5 percent artichoke powder resulted in higher feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared to control. The blood plasma concentrations of total protein and globulin were lower (P<0.05) in 1.5 percent artichoke treated group and higher (P<0.05) in control groupon the 21st day of trial. The blood plasma albumin concentration remained non significant throughout the experiment. However, the blood plasma total protein, albumin and globulin concentrations remained non significant between experimental groups on the 42nd day of trial. Significant differences in heterophil and lymphocytes percentage and H:L ratio were observed between dietary treatments at 28 days of age, showing that the birds fed a diet supplemented with artichoke powder had higher heterophil and lower lymphocytes percentage and consequently a higher H:L ratio than control. Artichoke supplemented birds showed significantly (P<0.05) lower breast and thigh weight. Pancreases weight was higher and lower in 1.5 percent artichoke and 300 mg vitamin E treated groups, respectively. The weight of heart, abdominal fat, gizzard and proventriculus were non significant between dietary treatments. In general, this study revealed that artichoke powder as natural antioxidant may have beneficial effects on chicken growth performance and carcass traits, but further research is needed.

چکیده انگلیسی:

هدف از این مطالعه، بررسی تأثیر مکمل نمودن جیره با کنگرفرنگی بر راندمان، صفات لاشه و برخی فراسنجه­های خونی جوجه­های گوشتی بود. تعداد 300 قطعه جوجه یکروزه (راس، 308)، به طور تصادفی به یکی از چهار تیمار تغذیه­ای شامل: جیره پایه (شاهد)، جیره پایه مکمل شده با 5/1 و 3 درصد پودر کنگرفرنگی و نیز 300 میلی­گرم ویتامین ای به ازای هر کیلوگرم جیره اختصاص داده شد. هر جیره به 5 تکرار با 15 پرنده در هر تکرار، به مدت 42 روز اختصاص داده شد. مکمل کردن جیره با 3 درصد پودر کنگرفرنگی به طور معنی­داری (05/0P<) وزن بدن را در مقایسه با گروه شاهد کاهش داد. مصرف خوراک بیشتر (05/0P<) در گروه تغذیه شده با 5/1 درصد پودر کنگرفرنگی منجر به راندمان غذایی بهتر در مقایسه با گروه شاهد شد. غلظت­های پلاسمایی  کل پروتئین و گلوبولین خون در روز 21 آزمایش، در گروه تیمار شده با 5/1 درصد پودر کنگرفرنگی کمتر (05/0P<)  و در گروه شاهد بیشتر بود (05/0P<).  غلظت پلاسمایی آلبومین خون در طول آزمایش از نظر آماری بدون تغییر بود. غلظت­های پلاسمایی پروتئین تام، آلبومین و گلوبولین خون در بین گروه‌های آزمایشی در روز 42 آزمایش بدون تغییر بودند. تفاوت‌های معنی­داری در درصد هتروفیل و لمفوسیت و نیز نسبت هتروفیل به لمفوسیت بین تیمارهای تغذیه­ای در روز 28 آزمایش مشاهد شد، به طوری­که در پرنده­های تغذیه شده با جیره مکمل شده با پودر کنگرفرنگی، درصد هتروفیل بیشتر و درصد لمفوسیت کمتر بوده و در نتیجه نسبت هتروفیل به لمفوسیت در مقایسه با شاهد بیشتر بود. پرنده­های تیمارشده با کنگرفرنگی به طور معنی­داری (05/0P<) کمترین وزن سینه و ران را نشان دادند. وزن پانکراس در گروه‌های تیماری 5/1 درصد کنگرفرنگی و 300 میلی‌گرم ویتامین ای به ترتیب بیشتر و کمتر بود. وزن قلب، چربی شکمی، سنگدان و پیش معده در بین تیمارهای تغذیه­ای معنی­دار نبود. به طور کلی، این مطالعه نشان داد که پودر کنگرفرنگی به عنوان آنتی ­اکسیدان طبیعی ممکن است اثرات مثبتی بر راندمان رشد و صفات لاشه جوجه­ها داشته باشد، ولی تحقیقات بیشتر مورد نیاز است.

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