A New Precision–Fed Chick Assay for Determining True Metabolizable Energy Values of some Poultry Feed Ingredients for Broiler Chickens
محورهای موضوعی : Camelا. رضایی 1 , ح. جانمحمدی 2 , م. علیایی 3 , ص. علیجانی 4
1 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
2 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
3 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
4 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
کلید واژه: broiler chicks, nitrogen-corrected true metabolizable energy, precision-fed,
چکیده مقاله :
Two experiments were conducted to determine: first, the best time of excreta collection after force feeding of broilers to yield the maximal amount of excreta, and second, nitrogen-corrected true metabolizable energy contents of some poultry feedstuffs including yellow corn, soybean meal, corn gluten meal, canola meal and poultry by-product meal by a new precision-fed chick assay using 3-week-old broiler chicks. In experiment one, thirty-five 21-d-old male broiler chicks, with the same body weight were randomly assigned in to 7 experimental groups with 5 birds per each. Seven experimental treatments were designed with different excreta collection times. All chicks were precision-fed with 10 g of corn-soybean meal (60:40) mixture. Excreta were collected at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 h after precision feeding. In experiment two, thirty 21-d old male broiler chicks with 5 chicks per each feed ingredients were precision-fed by 10 g of experimental feedstuffs and 5 chicks fasted for determining endogenous energy losses. The maximum time of excreta collection for 3-week-old male broiler chicks was approximately 12 h after precision feeding. The average nitrogen-corrected true metabolizable energy values of yellow corn, soybean meal, corn gluten meal, canola meal and poultry by-product meal, were 3527.55, 2572.4, 4183.25, 1806.38 and 2678.06 kcal/kg, respectively. In conclusion, nitrogen-corrected true metabolizable energy values of feedstuffs can be determined in 3-week-old broiler chicks by using a precision-fed assay. This research suggests using energy values obtained on young broiler chicks in formulating diets for the same birds.
دو آزمایش به منظور تعیین انرژی قابل سوخت و ساز برخی از مواد خوراکی طیور انجام شد. آزمایش اول جهت تعیین مناسب‌ترین زمان جمع‌آوری فضولات بعد از تغذیه دقیق جوجه‌های گوشتی جهت بدست آوردن حداکثر مقادیر دفع فضولات و آزمایش دوم جهت تعیین انرژی قابل سوخت و ساز حقیقی تصحیح شده برای تعادل صفر نیتروژن دانه ذرت، کنجاله سویا، کنجاله گلوتن ذرت، کنجاله کلزا و پودر ضایعات کشتارگاهی طیور با استفاده از روش جدید تغذیه دقیق در جوجه‌های گوشتی 21 روزه انجام گرفت. در آزمایش اول، تعداد 35 قطعه جوجه گوشتی نر 21 روزه با وزن بدنی یکسان در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در 7 گروه آزمایشی با 5 پرنده در هر گروه در قفس‌های متابولیسمی قرار گرفتند. تیمار‌های آزمایشی شامل زمان‌های مختلف جمع‌آوری فضولات بود. همه جوجه‌ها با مخلوط (60-40) ذرت-کنجاله سویا به مقدار 10 گرم مورد تغذیه دقیق قرار گرفتند. فضولات در زمان‌های 2، 4، 6، 8، 10، 12 و 14 ساعت بعد از تغذیه دقیق جمع‌آوری شدند. در آزمایش دوم، تعداد 30 قطعه جوجه گوشتی نر 21 روزه با 5 پرنده برای هر ماده خوراکی مورد آزمایش به مقدار 10 گرم مورد تغذیه دقیق قرار گرفتند و تعداد 5 قطعه جوجه گوشتی نیز برای تعیین دفع انرژی از منشاء داخلی به روش گرسنگی استفاده شد. حداکثر زمان جمع‌آوری فضولات در جوجه‌های گوشتی 21 روزه 12 ساعت بدست آمد که با سایر زمان‌ها تفاوت معنی‌داری نشان داد (0.01>P). میانگین انرژی قابل سوخت و ساز حقیقی تصحیح شده برای تعادل صفر نیتروژن دانه ذرت، کنجاله سویا، کنجاله گلوتن ذرت، کنجاله کلزا و پودر ضایعات کشتارگاهی طیور به ترتیب 94 ± 3527، 116 ± 2572، 33 ± 4183، 162 ± 1806 و 112 ± 2678 کیلو‌کالری در کیلو‌گرم بود. اینطور نتیجه شد که مقادیر انرژی قابل سوخت و ساز حقیقی مواد خوراکی می‌تواند در جوجه‌های گوشتی 21 روزه با استفاده از روش تغذیه دقیق تعیین گردد. این تحقیق استفاده از مقادیر انرژی بدست آمده در جوجه‌های گوشتی را در فرمولاسیون جیره‌های غذایی برای جوجه‌های گوشتی پیشنهاد می‌نماید.
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