بررسی اقلیمی کاشان با رهیافت خانه همساز با اقلیم

محورهای موضوعی : معماری همساز با اقلیم و جغرافیا

فرزاد فرناد ¹ , مهدی خاکزند ² , حدیثه کامران کسمایی ³ , غلامحسین معماریان ⁴

1 - دانشجوی دکتری، گروه معماری، واحد پردیس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، پردیس، ایران.
2 - دانشیار، عضو هیات علمی، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایران.
3 - استادیار، عضو هیات علمی، گروه معماری، واحد پردیس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، پردیس، ایران.
4 - استاد، عضو هیات علمی، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایران.

تاریخ دریافت : 1400/12/24 تاریخ پذیرش : 1401/10/10 تاریخ انتشار : 1402/03/01

کلید واژه: پایداری, اقلیم, کاشان, خانه, معماری همساز با اقلیم,

چکیده مقاله :

مصرف سوختهای فسیلی موجب مشکلات روز افزون محیط زیستی گردیده و جایگزینی آنها با انرژی های تجدید پذیر از ضرورت های امروز جهان است. هدف از این پژوهش شناخت و بررسی مولفه‌های اقلیم کاشان جهت ارائه راهکارهای طراحی خانه همسو با اقلیم است که موجب کاهش مصرف سوختهای فسیلی و جایگزینی انرژی های تجدید پذیر گردد. محدوده مکانی پژوهش شهر کاشان و محدوده زمانی 2007 تا 2019 می باشد. روش پژوهش توصیفی تحلیلی است. در انجام این تحقیق از منابع مکتوب و اطلاعات ماهواره ای و فایل اطلاعات Energy Plus Weather شهر کاشان استفاده گردیده است. ابتدا بر اساس بررسی اطلاعات اقلیمی آماری و محاسبه انرژی تابشی جدول مخلوط تهیه گردیده و بر اساس تحلیل اطلاعات جدول راهکارهای طراحی همسو با اقلیم ارایه گردیده است. این مطالعه از بابت تحلیل مولفه های اقلیمی برای کاشان و ارائه جدول کاربردی مخلوط و برخی راهکارها که ویژه کاشان است دارای نوآوری می‌باشد. نتایج این پژوهش در دو حوزه: تبیین مولفه های اقلیمی کاشان و مقایسه آن با گذشته، و راهکارهای عملی برای رسیدن به معماری همسو با اقلیم بیان شده است.

منابع و مأخذ:

Bagh-e-Andisheh Consulting Engineers. (2010). Kashan Old Texture Planing, Isfahan Province Housing and Urban Development Organization. Esfahan. (In Persian)

Bayat, Z., Khodakarmi, J., Nasrallahi, N., and Nasrallahi, F. (2013). Investigating the effect of climate elements on the architecture of houses in the central courtyard of Kashan, the second national conference on climate, building and optimizing energy consumption, Isfahan: 1-11(In Persian)

Del Zende, A., Sohameh, S., Sharifian, A., and Zarabadi, M. (2017). Application of thermal comfort indices in architectural design, Islamic Azad University of Ghazvin, First edition, Ghazvin.

Derban, A., and Salehi, S. S. (2020). Investigation of climate-friendly architecture in Kashan residential houses. Journal of Architecture. 3(14): 7-13 (In Persian)

Espanani, A. A. (2001). Climatic Capabilities of Indigenous Architecture, A Case Study of Kish Island, Peyk-E-Noor, 2(2): 84-100 (In Persian)

Farnad, F. KamranKasmaee, H., Khakzand, M., and Memarian, G. (2022). Evaluation of the correlation between the orientation and sides in Qajar houses of kashan, Creative city design, 5(2): 1-10 (In Persian)

Fatahi, K., Nasrallahi, N., Ansari Menesh, M., Khodakarmi, J., and Omranipour, A. (2019). The role of influencing factors on the probability of occurrence of thermal comfort in the historical context of Kashan, scientific journal of hot and dry climate architecture. 8(12): 127-146 (In Persian)

Haeri Mazandarani, M. R., Etemad, G., and Hesamian, F. (2004). Urbanization in Iran, Fourth Edition, Agah Publications, Tehran. (In Persian)

Iravani, H., Rahimi Ariaei, A., and Barati Ghahfarokhi, S. (2014). A Study of the Role of Wind in Urban Planning and Indigenous Architecture of Yazd and Kashan, The third international conference on new approaches in energy conservation, Tehran: 1-17 (In Persian)

Jafari. A. (2005). Gita shenasi-e-Iran, Mountains of Iran, 3rd edition, Tehran. (In Persian)

Jihani, H., Mashhadi Nooshabadi, M., Farhadivand, A., and Qalandari, Z. (2018). Golcheghaneh Shrine of Kashan, A Study of Architectural Features and Its Historical Evolution, Kashan Research Journal, 12(1): 81-114 (In Persian)

Kamyabi, S. (2020) Functional Climate, Islamic Azad University of Semnan, First Edition, Semnan.

Karbalaei Dori, A., and Hejazizadeh, Z. (2017). Optimization of building orientation in Kashan city based on climatic conditions, Geographical studies of arid regions, 7(27): 85-103 (In Persian)

Kasmaei, M. (2000). Climate and Architecture, Iran Housing Company, First Edition, Tehran. (In Persian)

Khamchin Moghadam, F. and Rezaee Pajand, H. (2009). Criticism of De Martonne's climatology method for maximum daily rainfall in Iran, The help of the method of linear moments, 2(2): 93-103 (In Persian)

Khosravi, A. (1997). Analysis of Kashan winds and applying its results in stabilizing quicksands, Conference on Geographical Research and Capabilities in Construction, University of Tehran, Tehran: 27-33 (In Persian)

Lashkari, H., and Selki, H. (2006). Optimization of Orientation of Free Spaces in Saqez City Based on Climatic Conditions, Quarterly Journal of Natural Geography, 1(3): 27-41 (In Persian)

Mehdizadeh, M. R. (2018). The sound of water foot on the ancient history of Kashan, Kashan Research Journal, 12(22): 33-54 (In Persian)

Memarian, G., Madahi, S. M., Aeeni, S., and Abdulahi, A. (2016). Investigating the effect of walls in reducing energy consumption in the residential-traditional context of Kashan, case study: Boroujerdi House, Arman Shahr Architecture, 10(21): 113-124 (In Persian)

Kiani, M. Y. (1989). Cities of Iran, Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance ,Tehran. (In Persian)

Mohammadi, E., and Mokhtari, M. (2018). A Study of the Impact of Traditional Architecture on Contemporary Architecture with a Look at the Architecture of Kashan, Architecture, 1(2): 5-10 (In Persian)

     Mahdavinejad, M., Doroodgar, A., and Mashayekhi, A. (2012). Utilization of Wind Power as a Renewable Energy in Asbads, Case of Iran, Sistan, Advanced Materials Research, 3(440): 1141-1145

     Olgyay, V. (1981). Progettare Con il Clima, un approcolo bioclimatico al regionalismo architettonico, padova franco muzzio edition, Italy, Rom.

Peel1, M. C., Finlayson, B. L., and McMahon, T. A. (2007). Hydrol and Earth System Sciences, Copernicus Publications, European Geosciences.

PoorAhmad, A., Hatami Nejad, H., Ziari, K., Faraji Sabkbar, H. A., and Vafaei, A. (2016) Analysis of urban physical-spatial development model from the perspective of sustainable development, Case study: Kashan city, geographical studies of arid regions, 7(26): 1-12 (In Persian)

Pourdeihimi, Sh. (2011) Climate language in sustainable environmental design, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran.

Rahbari, M. J. (2017), A Study of the Architecture of Kashan Houses in the Second Half of the 13th Century AH (Qajar Period), Fifth National Conference on the Model of Islamic Architecture and Urbanism, Natanz, Islamic Azad University of Natanz: 1-11 (In Persian)

Raazjouian, M. (2016), Comfort under the Climate Compatible Architecture, Shahid Beheshti University, First Edition, Tehran. (In Persian)

Sajjadzadeh, H., Hemmati, S., and Farahani Kia, B. (2014). The effect of garden pits on the climatic comfort of the residents of Kashan region, a case study of Bakuchi house, National Conference on Civil Engineering and Architecture with an Approach to Sustainable Development, Fuman: 1-8  (In Persian)

Shekari Nayeri, J., Roshanak Farmani, A. and Attar, Z. (2016). Manifestation of Sustainability Indicators in Hot and Dry Climate Architecture of Iran, The Second National Conference on New Horizons in Empowerment and Sustainable Development of Tourism Architecture and Urban and Rural Environment, Shahid Mofteh University of Hamadan, Hamedan: 1-17 (In Persian)

Shamaee, A., Daneshvar Khorram, A., Ravanbakhsh, A., and Afshar, M. (2020). Analysis of Vulnerability of Old Tissues in Kashan to Earthquake, Human Geography Research, 25(1): 111-130 (In Persian)

Soltandoost, M. R. (2018). Climate-friendly architecture, first edition, Yazda Publishing, Tehran. (In Persian)

Tahbaz, M., Jalilian, Sh., and Mousavi, F. (1391). Lessons from the climatic architecture of Kashan passages Field research in the historical context of the city. Iranian Architectural Studies. 1(1): 59-83 (In Persian)

Tahbaz, M. (2017). Climatic knowledge of architectural design, Shahid Beheshti University, second edition, Tehran.

     Thomsen, K. E., Schultz, J. M., and Poe, B. (2005). Measure Performance of 12 Demonstration Projects-IEA Task 13 Advanced Solar Low Energy Buildings. Energy and Buildings, (32): 111-119.

Watson, D., and Labes, K. (2001). Climate Design: Theoretical and Practical Principles of Energy Use in Buildings, translated by Ghobadian, V., Feizoohmadavi, M., Tehran University Press, Tehran. (In Persian)

     http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/kashan-i-geography, (2018)

https://www.amar.org.ir/ 55811019#

     http://azoon.ir/owghat.aspx_name_en=esfahan&name_fa= shahrestan =566